A&P

Cards (10)

  • Anatomy
    Study of the structures of the body
  • Physiology
    Study of the function of body
  • Regional Term
    Term describing a specific part of body
  • Positional Term
    Term used to describe a specific location of a body structure
  • Levels of organization
    • Atom
    • Molecule
    • Cell
    • Organ
    • Organ System
    • Organism (Human body)
  • Anatomical Planes
    • Sagittal Plane - plane running down the middle of the body and dividing the body into right left sections
    • Coronal Plane - Plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior sections
    • Transverse Plane - Plane dividing body into Superior inferior
  • Directional Terms
    • Anterior (ventral) - Front
    • Posterior (Dorsal)- Back
    • Superior (Cranial) - Above
    • Inferior (Caudal)- Below
    • Medial - Closer to midline
    • Lateral - Further from midline
    • Proximal -Closer to trunk/Point of attachment or origin
    • Distal -Further from the trunk/Point of attachment or Origin
  • Homeostasis
    Ability of a system to maintain a Stable State. Relies on feedback mechanisms.
  • Feedback Mechanisms
    • Negative Feedback: Stimulus & Response are opposite
    • Positive Feedback: Stimulus & Response are the Same
  • Body Systems
    • Integumentary - Hair, Skin, nails, Sweat glands, Sebaceous glands. Function To protect body, Secretion of waste Products, Production of Vitamin D, regulates body Temp. Support sensory receptors that sends info to nervous system.
    • Skeletal - Bones, Ligaments. Cartilage. Provides Protection and Support, Produces red blood cells. Stores Chemicals
    • Muscular - Produces movement, helps maintain Posture and Produces heat.
    • Nervous - Brain, Spinal Cord, Receptors. Receives Sensory information, detects changes and in response, stimulates muscles & glands.
    • Endocrine - Series of glands that secrete hormones. Contains many feedback systems to help maintain homeostasis
    • Lymphatic - Lymph vessels, Lymph nodes, thymus, spleen. Function to return blood to tissues, transport some absorbed food molecules defend against Infection.
    • Immune - Consists of cells & antibodies that help the body fight off pathogens. Organs associated with immune system are thymus & spleen.
    • Blood - A fluid system that contains cells: Plasma. Structures work to transport oxygen & Carbon dioxide along with water electrolytes, hormones, carbohydrates, fats, Proteins, wastes.
    • Cardiovascular - Heart, arteries, capillaries, veins. Function- To transport blood.
    • Respiratory - Nasal Cavity, Lungs. Pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi. Supplies the body with Oxygen & eliminates carbon dioxide.
    • Digestive - Mouth, tongue, teeth, Salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Intestines. Function to receive, break down, absorb food. Eliminates waste.
    • Urinary - Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, Urethra. Function to remove waste, maintain water & electrolyte balance, and store and transport Urine.
    • Reproductive - Passes genetic information down to future generations as well as produce hormones that help body mature.