2.3

• pressure -

  • a measure of the amount of force applied to a given area
  • P = F/A
  • Unit of measurement = pascal (Pa)
• pascals law

  • Pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted equally in all directions. Ex. Hydraulic Jack
• piston

  •  a disk that fits tightly inside a cylinder

    how much force is needed

    to move the piston

  • As it moves it either pushes out, or draws fluid into the cylinder
  • Pistons range in size
  • The size will determine
• input piston

  • Applies force to the enclosed fluid
  • creates pressure
  • usually smaller than output piston
• output piston - pressure from input piston is transferred here

  • pressure in the system causes the output piston to move
  • Usually larger than the input piston
• pressure -

  • Pressure increases as area decreases
  • ex. popping balloon with a pin
• some equipment is designed to transmit force over a large area:

  • Airbags in vehicles
  • Seat Belts
  • Helmets
  • Boxing Gloves
  • Pressure decreases because force is exerted over a greater area