Circulatory System

• inferior vena cava


  Brings deoxygenated blood from the lower portion of the body and into the right ventricle

  
• systemic circulation


  The pathway that carries blood from the heart to all parts of the body with the exception of the lungs
• septum


  The muscle that separates the two sides of the heart
• heart


  A four chambered pump composed of two atria and two ventricles
• capillaries


  Very thin walled blood vessels that connect the arterioles and venues
• left ventricle


  Receives blood from the the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta
• oxygenated


  Blood rich in oxygen
• pulmonary artery


  receives deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle and transports it to the lungs
• right ventricle


  receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary artery
• right atrium


  Receives blood from the inferior and superior vena cava and pumps it into the right ventricle
• aorta


  receives blood from the left ventricle and transports it around the body.
• left side of the heart


  The side of the heart with the thickest walls
• superior vena cava


  This brings deoxygenated blood from the upper part of the body tot he right atrium
• platelets


  Blood cells responsible for clotting
• plasma


  The liquid part of the blood containing free floating antibodies
• pulmonary vein


  Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transports it to the left atrium
• tricuspid valve


  The valve found between the right atrium and right ventricle.
• deoxygenated


  Blood that is low in oxygen
• pulmonary circulation


  The pathway where blood flows from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.
• oxygen


  Arteries carry this gas from the left ventricle to the rest of the body
• lungs


  The site where gas exchange occurs
• white blood cells


  Cells that are responsible for fighting infection
• valves


  These are found in veins to prevent the back flow of blood
• red blood cells


  Cells with no nucleus, that are responsible for carry Hemoglobin
• hemoglobin


  Protein molecule in the blood responsible for carrying oxygen around the body
• coronary arteries


  Supply oxygenated blood to the muscle tissue of the heart
• bicuspid or mitral valve


  Valve found between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
• diastolic pressure


  pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes (rests) between beats.
• systolic pressure


  pressure produced when the ventricle pumps blood, when the ventricle contracts (heart beats)
• normal adult blood pressure


  120 mmHg over 80 mmHg
• fibrin


  aids in blood clotting
• universal recipient


  person with AB blood is considered this
• universal donor


  person with type O blood is considered this
• Circulatory system


  Consists of blood, blood vessels and the heart
• Components of blood


  • Cells (white, red blood cells and platelets)
  • Plasma
• Plasma


  A pale straw colored liquid consisting of 90% water and 10% dissolved substances
• Substances dissolved in plasma

  • Products of digestion: glucose, amino acids, lipids
  • Vitamins and minerals
  • Metabolic wastes: urea and carbon dioxide
  • Plasma proteins: albumen, globulins and fibrinogen
• Types of blood cells

  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Platelets
• Blood clotting


  1. Platelets bring about formation of thrombin

  2. Thrombin causes fibrinogen to form fibres of fibrin

  3. Fibrin forms a mesh trapping platelets and red blood cells

  4. Clot is formed and hardens
• Capillaries


  • Smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles to venules
  • Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells
  • Remove carbon dioxide to be eliminated from the lungs