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A-level Biology 4 DNA, RNA and protein synthesis
A
5. The genetic code and nucleic acid
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Genetic code:
sequence of base triplet (
codons
) in mRNA which code for
specific
amino acids.
Read
in sequence (separate from triplets either side)
Non-overlapping:
Eaxh
triplet
is read in sequence,
separate
from
triplet
before it and after it
Base triplets don’t
share
their
bases
Degenerate:
There are more possible
combinations
of triplets than there are amino acids (
20
amino acids vs
64
possible triplets)
some amino acids are coded by more than
one
triplet
Code for
stop
signal e.g.
UAG
and
start
signals
Universal:
Same base
triplets
code for
same
amino acids in all
living
things