Module 7 - Contemp. World

• Regionalism - refers to the process of countries or regions joining together to form a cohesive entity in terms of politics, economics or culture
• Regionalism - involves a shared sense of identity, common objectives and coordinated policies and iniatives aimed at achieving those objectives
• Regionalism - can manifest in various ways including regional economic organizations, security alliances, and cultural associations, and can have diverse motivations, such as promoting economic development, enhancing political stability and security, or fostering cultural exchange and understanding.
• Local Identity - is the belief that the local geographic region and the people who live in it are noticeable and distinguishable.
• Autonomy - may posit full independence or simply that a region of the country enjoys economic or political autonomy while remaining a member of the state.
• Supra-state regionalism - refers to the process of two or more countries coming together to form a unified political, economic or cultural entity that transcend Individual nation-states.

  
  

  Ex. The ASEAN, as it is comprised of multiple countries that have come together to form a single entity with a shared identity, common goals and objectives, and coordinated policies and initiatives aimed at achieving those goals.
• Inter-state regionalism - refers to the process of two or more regions of a single state together to form a unified entity that transcends the central state regionalism. This type of regionalism can occur when different different regions regions within within a a state state have ha different goals, interests, or identities that are not reflected in national-level policies.
• Intra-state regionalism - refers to the process of a single region if a state seeking greater autonomy or independence from the central state. This type of regionalism can occur when a region feels that its interest, goals, or identity are not reflected in national-level policies, and seeks greater control over its own affairs.
• Factoring Contributing to the Promotion of Regionalism

  1. Geography
  2. History
  3. Linguistics
  4. Religion
  5. Economics
  6. Ethnicity
  7. Culture
  8. Rituals
  9. Festivals
  10. Traditions
• Negative regionalism - undermines national sovereignty. It instills in people sub-national feelings. It can sometimes lead tosecessionism.
• Positive regionalism - fosters a sense of pride in connecting to one's roots and culture. It has the potential to foster inter-group solidarity in a region. It may encourage collaboration among people in a region andmotivate them to do more to improve their regions status.
• Globalization - refers to the increasing reliance and connectivity of the world's economies, cultures and populations, which arises from the exchange of goods and services, technology, investment, people and information across borders.
• Regionalism - refers to the process of countries or regions forming cooperative arrangements within a specific geographic area to promote trade, investment, and cultural exchange. -often takes the form of regional trade agreements like the European Union or regional organizations like the ASEAN.
• Regionalism - is the collaboration and integration among countries or regions within a specific area for their common interests and goals.
• Regionalization - is the increasing integration and interdependence of countries or regions in terms of economics and politics, such as the establishment of economic agreements and infrastructure to facilitate cooperation
• Asian Regionalism - refers to the efforts made towards fostering political, economic, and cultural collaboration and unification among countries in Asia.
• Asian Regionalism - This covers a range of actions, establishments and agreements intended to ease tensions, enhance prosperity, and stimulate cooperation between nations in the region.

  Examples: ASEAN for these countries promote trade liberalization, economic integration, and cultural exchange among their member countries.
• Asia-Pacific Economic Region - is a group of 21 economies, including China, Japan, South Korea, United States, Canada, and Australia, that was established in 1989 to encourage economic growth and cooperation in the Asia-pacific region.-promotes trade liberalization and investment through non- binding agreements and voluntary cooperation.-it also aims to increase economic integration in the region and address issues such as energy security and sustainability development.
• What countries are the original member of APEC

  1. Australia
  2. Brunei Darussalam
  3. Canada
  4. Indonesia
  5. Japan
  6. Republic of Korea
  7. Malaysia
  8. New Zealand
  9. Philippines
  10. Singapore
  11. United States