chemistry paper 1

• what is the plum pudding model?

  ball of electrons scattered in it
• how were atoms initially believed?


  to be tiny individual sphere
• what was the alpha particles scatering experiment?

  nuclear models which were tiny and had nucles at the centre
• what was the Bohr model?

  suggesting electrons orbit in shells
• what did James chadwick dicover?

  Neutron and protons
• what was the relative mass of neutron,electrons and protons?

  neutrons-0

  protons+1

  electrons-1
• what charge do neutrons have?

  Neutrons have no charge.
• what charge do protons have?

  Positive and are also in atomic number
• electrons charge?

  negatively charged
• what are atoms?

  smallest part of element that can exist
• what are isotopes?

  Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
• what are elements?

  made up of atoms with the same atomic number
• what are compounds?

  2 or more elements formed by chemical reactions
• which mixtures are easily seperated?

  crystatlisation

  chromotgraphy

  filteration

  distillation
• 2 different elements or compound?

  chemical properties unchanged and no chemical bonds
• features of the og periodic table?

  incomplete

  element wrong groups
• features of mandelv table?

  did not follow strict atomic mass

  left gaps

  undiscovered elements
• what do isotopes have

  same chemical propieties but different atomic masses
• qualities of metals?

  there at the bottom left

  strong malleable

  good conductor

  high melting point

  positive ions
• qualities of non metals?

  do not form positive ions

  brittle

  dull looking

  do not conduct electric
• What does the period in the perodic table represnt?

  represent the new shell of electrons
• what do the group on perodic table show?

  equal number of outer shell electrons

  similar propities
• group 0 properities?

  noble gasses

  boiling point increases as you go down the group

  unreactive

  full outer shell

  stable
• group 1 properies?

  alkaline metals

  1 electron in outer shell

  ionic compound

  reacts with water,oxygen and chlorine
• group 7 properites?

  halogens

  displacment

  as you go down the melting and boiling point increases

  the reactivity deacreases
• typical properites of transtion metals?

  form more than 1 ion

  colourful compounds

  good catalyse
• general properties in transition?

  dense

  shiny

  strong

  good conductor of heat and electric
• how do transition metals compare to group 1 metals?

  higher melting point

  stronger,harder and denser

  group 1 dont form more than 1 ion

  group 1 dont form coloured compounds

  less reactive
• ionic bonding properties?

  formed by group 1,2,6,7

  have electronic configuration of noble gasses

  metal and non metal

  giant ionic structure
• covalent bonding properties?

  shared pair of electrons

  strong

  small molecules

  large molecules

  giant structure (diamond and silicone)
• metalic bonding properties?

  postive ions in a sea of delocalised electrons

  atoms arranged in a regular pattern

  giant structre
• states of matter?

  solid, liquid, gas,
• properities of soild?

  strong forces

  fixed position
• properites in liquid?

  weak forces

  free to move
• properties of gas?

  no fixed shape

  weak forces

  particles spread far apart
• properties of ionic compounds?

  high melting and boiling points meaning they have strong electrostatic forces that need alot of energy to break
• properties of covalent compounds?

  small molecules

  polymers

  giant structures
• properties of metal and alloys?

  conductor of electric

  strong metalic bonds

  atoms arranged in regular layers
• graphite properties?

  high meting point

  layers of hexagonal rings

  3 covalent bond per carbon atom

  giant covalent structure
• diamond properties?


  giant covalent structure

  4 covalent bonds per carbon atoms

  very high melting points

  dont conduct electricity