Crystal Structures

Cards (22)

  • Crystalline - is a solid material whose constituents are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
  • Crystallographic axes - the lines drawn parallel to the lines of intersection of any three faces of the unit cell which do not lie in the same plane
  • Density - mass per unit volume
  • Face-centered cubic - has lattice points at the eight corners of the unit cell plus additional points at the centers of each face of the unit cell.
  • Hexagonal close-packed - layers of spheres are packed so that spheres in alternating layers overlie one another. As in cubic close packing, each sphere is surrounded by 12 other spheres.
  • Melting point - temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid state.
  • Lattice energy - the strength of attraction between positive and negative ions in ionic compounds.
  • Ionic bonding - occurs when an atom loses or gains electrons to form ions with opposite charges. The oppositely charged ions attract each other strongly due to electrostatic forces.
  • A unit cell is the smallest repeating unit that makes up a crystal lattice
  • Crystals are formed when there is an excess of solute over solvent
  • Lattice parameters - collective term for primitives and interfacial angles
  • Primitives - the dimensions of a unit cell
  • Simple cubic - is the simplest repeating unit in a simple cubic structure. Each corner of the unit cell is defined by a lattice point at which an atom, ion, or molecule can be found in the crystal.
  • Space lattice - defined as an infinite array of points in three dimensions in which every point has surroundings identical to that of every other point in the array.
  • Unit cell - the smallest group of atoms of a substance that has the overall symmetry of a crystal of that substance, and from which the entire lattice can be built up by repetition in three dimensions.
  • Void space - vacant space left or unutilized space in unit cell , and more commonly known as interstitial space
  • crystal structure - the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material.
  • Crystallization - process whereby a liquid changes into a solid state with a definite shape and size.
  • Unit cell - The smallest group of particles in the material that constitutes the repeating pattern
  • Crystalline - particles are orderly arranged (long range order).
  • Amorphous - particles are randomly oriented.
  • Bonding - the process by which atoms join together to form molecules or crystals