cpar: islamic

• ☆ Islam was already well-entrenched in Southern Philippines, where it continues to be culturally dominant and strong.
• It was said to have gained significant grounding in Sulu as early as the 13th century. (official start of Islamic colonial in Sulu)
• It was in the arrival of Sayyid Abbubakar of Arabia in the 15th century that led to a significant turn of events.
• 6 significant events that happened when Sayyid Abbubakar arrived in the Philippines:

  1. Marriage of Sayyid Abbubakar and Princess Piramisuli
  2. Enthronement of Sayyid Abbubakar
  3. Establishment of Sultunate of Sulu
  4. Introduction of the Holy Texts
  5. Building of the House of Prayer
  6. Building of the Religious School
• Princess Piramisuli is the daughter of Rajah Baguinda, sultan of Sulu.
• Sayyid Abbubakar replaced Rajah Baguinda as the Sultan, Head of Sulu.
• Quran - Holy Book of the Muslim people (Bible of Muslims)
• Mosque - House of Prayer
• Madrasa - Religious School (facilitated teaching Arabic Writing in the 16th century.)
• Conversions of People to Islam:

  Natives from Zamboanga

  Yakans from Basilan

  
  

  These people were converted because of:

  Teachers from Jolo, Sulu

  Other practitioners from nearby regions like Brunei
• Islam as religion:

  Tausug, Maranao, Maguindanao, Yakan, Samal, Badjao and some areas in Palawan.
• The main beliefs of Islam:

  1. Ummah - community of believers
  2. Tawhid - emphasizes the impermanence of nature and the incomprehensible greatness
• Professor Abraham Sakili

  -          Presented the two aspects of reality.
• Abstraction - a style that neglects human form style.
• Divine unity - expressed through abstract forms.
• All Islamic buildings are oriented to the West because it must be oriented toward Mecca.
• The middle part of the Qibla wall is the niche.
• Special features of the Mosque:

  1. Bulbous dome
  2. Octagonal base
  3. Four sided main base
  4. Area for water supply
  5. Garden
  6. Ka'bah
• Bulbous dome - all levels of cosmic existence
• Octagonal base the spirit
• Four sided main base - the earth or the material world
• area for water supply - serves as the function of ablution or cleansing before one enters the sacred space of the mosque.
• Gardens - evocative of paradise.
• Ka’bah - black shrine at the center of the mosque. It is believed that it is built by prophet Muhammad.
• Many Islamic forms are:

  • Inclined to project
  • Grow
  • Have an upward orientation (pointing to Allah)
• Torogan - sultan’s house with wing-like curvilinear decorations (ukkil/okir) attached to the beams of the house.
• okir - are inspired by the sarimanok.
• Luhul – canopy which may feature motifs from the Tree of Life.
• Ukkil/okir decorations can be found in Tausug and Sama houses, traditional boats, weapons, sunduk or grave markers, musical instruments and in textiles.
• Panolong – an elaborately carved protrusion akin to a wing attached to the torogan.
• Burraq - a half woman half horse. This is instrumental to the ascension of a prophet.