sustain

• Sustainable tourism


  Tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity for the future
• Sustainable development


  Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
• Dimensions of sustainable development

  • Society
  • Environment
  • Culture
  • Economy
• Sustainability

  is a paradigm for thinking about the future in which environmental, societal and economic considerations are balanced in the pursuit of an improved quality of life
• UNWTO is the leading international organization in the field of tourism, responsible for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism
• UNWTO encourages the implementation of the Global Code of Ethics in Tourism, in order to maximize tourism´s socio-economic contribution while minimizing its possible negative impacts
• Tourism has the potential to contribute, directly or indirectly, to all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• 41 countries recognize the value of tourism to achieve the SDGs
• SDGs with strongest link to tourism

  • SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth)
  • SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production)
  • SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals)
• Other SDGs connected to tourism

  • SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure)
  • SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities)
  • SDG 14 (Life below Water)
  • SDG 15 (Life on Land)
  • SDG 1 (No Poverty)
  • SDG 2 (Zero Hunger)
  • SDG 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions)
  • SDG 13 (Climate Action)
• Goals of sustainable tourism

  • Environmental conservation
  • Social equity
  • Economic prosperity
• Principles of sustainable tourism

  • Enhancing the well-being of communities
  • Supporting the protection of the natural and cultural environment
  • Recognizing product quality and tourist satisfaction
  • Applying adaptive management and monitoring
• 12 IMS for sustainable tourism (UNWTO and UNEP, 2005)

  • Economic viability
  • Local prosperity
  • Employment quality
  • Social equity
  • Visitor fulfilment
  • Local control
  • Community wellbeing
  • Cultural richness
  • Physical integrity
  • Biological diversity
  • Resource efficiency
  • Environmental purity
• Criteria for Sustainable Tourism (UNESCO, et.al)


  • Community Well-being
  • Natural and Cultural Environment
  • Tourism product quality and tourist satisfaction
  • Management and monitoring
• Tourism development in the Philippines has been evolving in the past 40 years
• In the 1970s, the focus had been on undifferentiated mass tourism. The main strategy was to boost tourist arrivals in order to maximize tourism revenues for both the government and private business
• By the late 1980s, the motivation was still economic but with tourism being managed like a corporation
• The 1990s saw the advent of sustainable development as a tourism development paradigm. Its key principles have slowly been integrated in tourism-relevant planning and development
• At the turn of the millennium, the environmental dimension was given more prominence, culminating in the passage of the National Ecotourism Strategy
• The DOT also paid attention to the development of the rural areas through agritourism initiatives
• Since then, tourism has solidified its position as an anchor of the Philippine economic development
• In recent years, sustainable development principles have been embodied in a landmark legislation
• Seven main objectives of the NTDP 2023-2028

  • Improvement of Tourism Infrastructure and Accessibility
  • Cohesive and Comprehensive Digitalization and Connectivity
  • Enhancement of the Overall Tourist Experience
  • Equalization of Tourism Product Development and Promotion
  • Diversification of the Tourism Portfolio through Multidimensional Tourism
  • Maximization of Domestic and International Tourism
  • Strengthening Tourism Governance through Close Collaborations with National and Local Stakeholders
• Tourism impact


  An effect brought about directly or indirectly by tourism policies, tourism-related establishments and infrastructure, and tourist behavior
• Definitions of impact


  • Influence
  • Effect
  • Outcome
  • Results
  • Consequence
  • Aftermath
  • Upshot
  • Product
• Dimensions of tourism impact

  • Scope (economic, environmental, social, cultural, political)
  • Direction of change and type of impact (actual/objective or perceived/subjective, quantitative or qualitative, direct or indirect)
  • Scale, distribution, and duration of the effects
• Impacts are seldom uni-dimensional
• Actual/objective impacts


  Backed up by hard data, such as increased population, number of jobs, amount of investment, and amount of tourist receipts
• Perceived/subjective impacts


  Opinions of somebody concerning the effects of tourism, influenced by social status, world view, educational attainment, culture, whether they work directly or indirectly in tourism, and other variables
• Quantitative impacts


  Impacts which can be measured and expressed in numerical form, such as amount of taxes collected, number of people employed, length of roads constructed
• Qualitative impacts


  Impacts that can only be observed and described, such as effects on social relationships and individual self-esteem
• Direct tourism impact


  Immediate and flows from tourism to the receiver of impact without intervening persons, agencies, or industries
• Indirect impact


  Flows from tourism to the receiver of the impact through intervening persons, agencies, or industries
• Cumulative impact


  Caused by tourism development over time
• Immediate impact


  Caused by a single event, happening within a short period of time
• Long-term impacts


  Borne or experienced by the affected sectors or stakeholders for years or even generations to come
• Short-term impacts


  Do not endanger the welfare of the affected people or places way into the distant future
• Most of the income from tourism is said to accrue mostly to only the local elites, and poor people are not able to take advantage of the opportunities
• Tourism Attraction System model


  • Tourist generating region
  • Transit route region
  • Tourist destination region
• Reversible impact


  Can be corrected immediately or over a short period of time