bio

• Plants alternate between haploid and diploid phase, true or false?
• Plant species like Poinsettias are considered to be short-day plants
• Activity in some plants that occurs in 24 hour cycle is circadian rhythm
• Functions of roots

  • Transport/absorb water
  • Anchor plant
• Factors that control the opening and closing of stomata

  • CO2 availability
  • Temperature
• Macronutrient and micronutrient


  • Macronutrient: Carbohydrate (polymers: disaccharides & polysaccharides)
  • Micronutrient: Iron
• scientists believe plants evolved from green algae because of

  cell walls
• what hormone does a dry corn seed have that intimates see and bud dormancy?

  Abscisic acid
• which plant group lacks vascular tissue and grows low

  bryophytes
• the only plant group that produces flowers, seeds, and fruit?

  angiosperms
• which plane group developed vascular tissue, but not seeds or flower?

  fern
• the dominant stages of mosses is the ___ whereas that of ferns is ___

  gametophyte, sporophyte
• how are ferns, cycad, and flowering african violet plants similar? how are they different?

  they all have a vascular membrane. they all belong to different plant groups.
• what is the central dogma that shows flow of genetics

  DNA to RNA to protein to phenotype
• what type of replication process takes place in all organisms

  semi-conservative replication
• what enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands complimentary to old DNA?

  dna polymerase
• if one dna structure is: 5’TAC CCC CAC TTT ATT3’, what is the dna sequence of the other strand? 


  5’TAC CCC CAC TTT ATT3’
• if one dna sequence is: 5’TAC CCC CAC TTT ATT3’, what is the rna sequence?

  3’AUG GGG GUG AAA UAA5’
• what process transfers genetic information from dna to rna

  transcription
• what molecules are involved in the synthesis of proteins?

  ribosomes, amino acids, trna, mrna
• what enzyme is responsible for rna synthesis

  rna polymerase
• which type of rna carries the information to make a protein

  messenger rna
• dna is ___

  the base thymine
• list three characteristics of the genetic material

  replication, stable, expression
• what plant region do cells actively divide

  meristem
• which vascular tissue transports water and minerals

  xylem
• what is a characteristic of eudicot

  netted lead veins, two cotyledons, flower with 4 or 5 petals, vascular bundles in roots in star shape
• what are the functions of the stem

  growth, support, stores food, transport
• what waxy substance is made in the epidermal tissues

  cuticle
• what is responsible for a pine tree growing bushy

  auxin
• what hormone would a ripe banana that was placed with tomatoes produce

  ethylene
• phenotype refers to ___

  physical
• genotype refers to ___

  two alleles
• why are peas good for theory testing

  cross pollination, lots of offspring, easy to cultivate, short generations
• what is the purpose of test cross

  to determine genotype of the dominant parent
• what is co dominance? give example

  two alleles of the same gene are yielding different traits. ab blood type
• two misconceptions about evolution

  how life originated and evolution is not testable
• state the difference between homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures

  homologous structures share an ancestor with different functions, analogous structures share a similar function but not the same ancestor, vestigial structures are traits that our ancestors needed but not us
• evidence that supports theory of evolution

  fossils, biogeographical, anatomical
• what is a transitional fossil

  a common ancestor for two different organisms