Psychoanalysis Therapy - a clinical method for treating psychopathology through patient and psychoanalyst through free flowing conversations
Psychoanalysis Therapy - Find out how unconscious mind influence behavior
Victorian morality - zero tolerance toward sexual promiscuity and breaches of the law
Victorian morality - austere and non-indulgent
Primacy of science - physiological nature for humans as explanation of behavior
Rousseau’s vision of society - society corrupts the pure individual
Rousseau’s vision of society - men are limited and corrupted by social arrangements
Darwin’s vision of human evolution - Theory of natural selection
How did Psychoanalysis come to be?
Hysterical Paralysis
Physical Causation
More Holistic Approach
Hysterical paralysis - Hysteria only occurs in women
Physical Causation - Hypnosis as a “cure”
More Holistic Approach - Psychosexual Development
Psychodynamic - Framework for understanding human behavior and personality development
Psychoanalysis - Form of therapy based on the psychodynamic principles
psychoanalysis - Goal is to bring unconscious material into conscious awareness (insights and resolutions)
Factors that affect behavior and personality:
Unconscious processes
Early childhood experiences
Interpersonal relationships
Structure of the mind
Important Concepts under Freudian Psychoanalysis:
Early childhood experiences
Unconscious and preconscious motivation
Ego
Defense mechanisms
Ambivalence
3 parts of the mind
Unconscious
Preconscious
Conscious
Unconscious - Part of the mind that holds ideas. Thoughts and memories that we cannot access and bring into our conscious awareness
Preconscious - Holds ideas, thoughts, and memories that we are not currently thinking of, but if we concentrate, we can bring these to our conscious, or aware part of our mind
Conscious - Thoughts, feelings, sensations, and perceptions that we are aware of
id - “if it feels good, do it”
id - we want our needs to be satisfied
id - a completely unconscious, pleasure-seeking, amoral part of the personality that exists at birth, containing all of the basic biological drives: hunger, thirst, self-preservation, and sex, for example.
Pleasure principle - the desire for immediate gratification of needs with no regard for the consequences
Ego - reality principle: the need to satisfy the demands of the id only in ways that will not lead to negative consequences.
Ego - is mostly conscious and is far more rational, logical, and cunning than the id.
As ego develops, so does an awareness of one’s body
Superego - Conscience
Superego - that makes people feel guilt, or moral anxiety, when they do the wrong thing.
It is not until the conscience develops that children have a sense of right and wrong.
Psychosexual development - Relationship between society and the individual
Psychosexual development - Freud believed that humans are born amoral
Psychosexual development - turned to physiological nature of humans for behavioral explanations
Psychosexual development - all human behavior are motivate by sex and aggression
Psychosexual development - creates conflict between biological needs and our social environment
Oral Stage - Explores the world through mouth
Oral Stage - Need for comfort is crucial in this stage, if infant receives too much or too little need satisfaction, this is reflected later in personality development