Labour 1945-1951

• What is was the NHS?

  Started in 1948

  Free optical, dental and health care

  90% of doctors threatened to boycott

  Cost £400 million in the first year

  95% of the public signed up
• What was the Butler's Education Act 1944?

  Gave the chance for children to climb the education ladder through the 11+ test

  Created class divisions in towns

  Free meals, medical inspections

  Up to 15
• What happened to NI in 1946

  Extended to all adults, including pensions and benefits

  Those who weren't covered were cripples and wives of imprisoned husbands
• What was nationalised?

  1946: Bank of England

  1947: Coal

  1949: Supply and generation of gas
• Why nationalise and what was the downside?

  Modernise, improve productivity and safety

  Downside: gov had to pay £2700 million to private owners
• What happened with housing?

  Built 280,000 but needed 750,000

  Pre-fabs
• What did Stanfford Crips introduce?

  Continued war time rationing until 1951

  Rationing of building materials, coal and electricity
• How much was given from the Marshall Plan?

  £1263 million
• What was Labours Planned Economy?

  Follow Keynesian policies

  Avoid interwar period

  Inherited war debt of £4000 million
• What did America do to help?

  1945: Gave $3,750 million, but $6000 was wanted

  Available in 1946, spent by 1947
• What did the Left say about the help from America?

  That the country was depending too much on America