UCSP Quiz | State, non-state and education

• A state is an organized political community acting under a government and unnited by common set of laws.
• Market exchange is the primary form of economic subsistence of a state wherein standardized currencies are being used to exchange commodities.
• Elements of States:

  • Population
  • Territory
  • Government
  • Sovereignty
• Forms of States:

  • Authoritarian Government
  • Oligarchic Government
  • Democratic Government
• Monarchy is a form of government in which supreme power is absolutely lodged with an individual, who is the head of the state, often for life or until abdication.
• Totalitarianism is a political system that strives to regulate nearly every aspect of public and private life.
• Theocracy is a government by divine guidance or by official who are regarded as divinely guided.
• Democracy is a form of government in which the right to governs is held by the majority of citizens within a country or a state.
• Nonstate institutions are people and/ or organization that participate in international affairs and relations but are not affiliated with any state or nation.
• Nonstate Institutions:

  • banks
  • corporations
  • cooperatives
  • trade unions
  • transnational advoacy group
  • development agencies
• Bank is a financial institution licensed to provide several financial services to different types of customers.
• Forms of bank:

  • Commercial banks - Financial deposit with security and convenience which could be in the form of credit cards, debit cards, and check
  • Investment banks - Financial intermediaries that performs a variety of services for businesses and some government
• Corporations -

  It is a form of business operation that declares the business as a separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors.
• Cooperatives -

  are businesses governed on the principle of one member, one vote.
• Trade Unions -

  are organizations formed by workers from related fields that work for common interest of its members.
• Transnational Advocacy Group -

  They are particularly visible in contentious areas as human rights, environmental issues, international peace, and women’s rights.
• Development Agencies -

  have been established to develop the cooperation between the public sector, private sector, and civil society. These are organizations with specific aims and goals.
• Types of Development Agencies:

  • International Organization - is an institution with membership drawn from two or more countries.
  • Non-government Organization - is a non-profit group that functions independently of any government.
• Common Types of Corporations

  • for-profit - return to their shareholders
  • not-for-profit - use their revenues to further their objectives, operate under the category of charitable organizations
• Multinational Corporations -

  are business organization that extends ownership, management, production, and sales activities into several or more countries.
• International Organization -

  is an institution with membership drawn from two or more countries. Its activities transcend national boundaries as it facilitates cooperation among its members in the performance of one or more tasks.
• Non-government Organization -

  is a non-profit group that functions independently of any government. It serves the social or political goals such as humanitarian and environmental causes.
• Education -

  is the social institution through which society provides its members with important knowledge, including basic facts, job skills, and cultural norms and values
• Types of education:

  • Formal education
  • non-formal education
  • informal education
• Formal education -

  This refers to the hierarchically structured, chronologically graded educational system from primary school to the university, including programs and institutions for full time technical and vocational training.
• non-formal education -

  It refers to any organized educational activity outside the established formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population.
• informal education -

  It is a lifelong process whereby every individual acquires from daily experiences, attitudes, values, facts, skills, and knowledge or motor skill from resources in his or her higher environment.
• Formal education:

  • Elementary education
  • secondary education
  • tertiary education
• Special Education -

  provides distinct services, curricula, and instructional materials geared to pupils or students who are significantly higher or lower than the average or norm.
• Functions of Education in the Society:

  • Productive Citizenry
  • Self-actualization
• Abraham Maslow -

  He proposed the theory of hierarchy of needs.
• self-actualization -

  is the highest form of human need.
• Physiological needs -

  these are biological requirements for human survival, e.g. air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, warmth, sex, sleep.
• Safety needs -

  protection from elements, security, order, law, stability, freedom from fear.
• Love and belongingness needs -

  the need for interpersonal relationships motivates behaviour Examples include friendship, intimacy, trust, and acceptance, receiving and giving affection and love. Affiliating, being part of a group (family, friends, work).
• Esteem needs -

  which Maslow classified into two categories: (i) esteem for oneself (dignity, achievement, mastery, and independence) and (ii) the desire for reputation or respect from others (e.g., status, prestige).
• Self-actualization needs -

  realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and peak experience
• Special education -

  It provides distinct services, facilities, curricula, and instructional materials geared to pupils or students who are significantly higher or lower than the average or norm.
• The concept of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:

  • Physiological needs
  • safety needs
  • Love and belongingness needs
  • Esteem needs
  • Self-actualization needs
• oligarchy -

  is a form of government in which power effectively rests with a small-elite segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military, or religious hegemony.