ucsp

• Politics


  Activities through which people make, preserve and amend the general rules under which they live
• Power


  The ability to do something in order to achieve a desired outcome
• Authority


  Legitimate power
• Types of legitimate authority (according to Max Weber)

  • Traditional
  • Legal-rational
  • Charismatic
• Legitimare

  To declare lawful, rightfulness
• Charismatic authority


  Stems from an individual's extraordinary personal qualities and from that individual's hold over followers because of these qualities
• Legal-rational authority


  Derives from law and is based on a belief in the legitimacy of a society's laws and rules and in the right of leaders to act under these rules to make decisions and set policy
• Classification of societies

  • Bands
  • Tribes
  • Chiefdoms
  • States
• Political dynasty


  A family in which several members are involved in politics — particularly electoral politics. Members may be related by blood or marriage; often several generations or multiple siblings may be involved.
• Political clientelism


  The exchange of goods and services for political support. Patron - Politician, Client - Voter
• The onset of the industrial revolution brought about significant changes in economic, social and political life of societies. Most significant of these changes was the rise of the modern nation state.
• Nation


  A group of people with common characteristics, such as a common language, ethnicity, or religion. They may or may not have a defined territory.
• State


  A territorial entity, with a permanent population, defined borders, and a government that effectively controls the territory.
• Social institution


  Organized sets of elements such as beliefs, rules, practices, and relationships that exist to attain social order.
• Characteristics of an institution

  • They are purposive
  • They are relatively permanent in their content
  • They are structured
  • They are a unified structure
  • They are necessarily value-laden
• Major social institutions

  • The Family
  • Education
  • Religion
  • Economic Institutions
• Family


  A type of social institution that unites people by blood, kinship or alliance into one group within a society.
• Variations of family

  • Nuclear family
  • Extended family
  • Reconstituted or blended family
  • Transnational type
  • Divorced or annulled marriages
  • Single parent
  • Cohabitation
  • Same-sex couples
• Kinship


  The most universal and basic of all human relationships and is based on ties of blood, marriage, or adoption.
• Types of kinship ties

  • Affinal kinship
  • Consanguineous kinship
• Unilineal descent


  Traces descent only through a single line of ancestors, male or female.
• Forms of unilineal descent

  • Patrilineal descent
  • Matrilineal descent
  • Bilineal descent
• Compadrazgo


  Relationship promoted through ties of baptism or marriage, e.g. godparents and parents of the godchildren
• Ranges of kinship

  • Primary kinship
  • Secondary kinship
  • Tertiary kinship
• Marriage


  Union of a couple through legal and socially accepted means
• Marriage patterns

  • Endogamy
  • Exogamy
• Types of monogamy

  • Social monogamy
  • Sexual monogamy
  • Genetic monogamy
  • Marital monogamy
  • Serial monogamy
• Types of polygamy

  • Polygyny
  • Polyandry
• Post-marital residency rules

  • Patrilocality
  • Matrilocality
  • Neolocality
• Political dynasty


  When a family members run for office to keep their position in power. Passing the position to the next generation.
• Political alliances


  Formed through lineage, marriage, compadrazgo, friendships and even merger of previously warring political parties. They continue to receive more funds, resources and support from the ruling party or administration party.