research

• Definition of Research


  An organized and systematic way of finding answers to problems
• Research


  The creation of new knowledge and the use of existing knowledge in a new and creative way to generate new concepts, methodologies, and understandings
• Research


  A systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon
• Sociologist Earl Robert Babpic: 'American systematic inquiry that entails collection of data; documentation of critical information; and analysis and interpretation of that data / information'
• Process of Research


  1. Collection of data

  2. Documentation of critical information

  3. Analysis and interpretation of that data / information
• Importance of Research


  • Research expands your knowledge base
  • Research gives you the latest information
  • Research helps you know what you've built up against
  • Research builds your credibility
  • Research helps you narrow your scope
  • Research teaches you better discernment
  • Research introduces you to new ideas
  • Research helps with problem solving
  • Research helps you reach people
  • Research encourages curiosity
• Technical terms used in Research

  • Words
  • Phrases
  • Used in specific career field
• Title or cover page

  Provides information about the paper topic, authors, and the course to which it is being submitted
• Elements of a title page

  • Title of the Paper
  • Author(s)
  • Affiliation/School
  • Course / Subject
  • Instructor's name
  • Assignment due date
• Abstract


  A paragraph that describes the main theme of the paper
• Research question


  Essence or the significance of the study
• Methodology


  Main results of findings
• Introduction


  A good introduction states the main research problem and thesis argument
• Chapter I


  • The Problem and Its Setting
  • Background of the Study
• research


  where you mention your specific
• Statement of the Problem

  • This identifies the problems or questions that your research would like to answer
• Significance of the problem Study

  • The part that briefly discusses the beneficiaries, significance, and contribution of the study to the study society
• Here, you establish the scope, context, and significance of you research

  1. You will have to state a short background information about

  2. The variables which can be supported by citing existing studies

  3. You will also state the purpose, hypothesis, a brief explanation of your methodology, and potential outcomes of your research
• Based on the data that will be gathered
• List of research questions
• Scope and Delimitations


  Will dictate the extent of the research and explore the research questions. You have to indicate specific restrictions such as time frame or population so that the research is feasible to finish. Explain some aspects of the variables that is going to be excluded in your research.
• Hypothesis


  Commonly known as the researcher's intellectual guess or wild guess about the possible result of the study. A statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested by research.
• Null Hypothesis


  A prediction that there is no significant change, effect, or relationship between the variables.
• Alternative Hypothesis


  A prediction that there is significant change, effect, or relationship between the variables.
• Literature Review


  Covers the research process and uncovers what other writers have written about your topic. It includes a discussion and review of what is known about the subject and how that knowledge was acquired.
• Methodology


  • What data to collect (quantitative or qualitative)
  • What to collect it from (sampling design)
  • How to collect it (data collection methods)
  • How to analyze it (data analysis methods)
• Sampling Design


  Refers to how the participants in your study are selected.
• Participants


  Respondents/subjects are the persons who voluntarily participate in your research after giving informed consent.
• Population


  The entire group of people that meet the criteria of your study
• Sample


  A smaller part or subgroup of the population that you will collect data from
• Criteria for a good sample

  • Practical
  • Cost effective
  • Manageable
• Data Collection Methods


  The tools you will use in your research to collect data
• Instrument


  Any tool that you may use to collect, measure, or analyze data relevant to your research, such as questionnaires, surveys, interviews, checklists, and simple tests
• Good research instrument


  • Has been validated and has proven reliability
• Results and Findings


  The section of a research paper where the authors provide and present the data collected during their study
• Presenting results and findings

  • The data should be arranged logically based on the research questions being addressed using graphs, charts, and tables to be easily understood by the readers
  • Each figure should have a description and a summary of the significant findings below
• Summary and Conclusion


  Where the key findings are summarized and arranged in a manner that answers your research problem, explaining if the findings provided null or alternative hypothesis
• Recommendations


  Should discuss the specific measures or directions that can be taken by other researchers to further your study
• Bibliography


  List of cited resources or references located at the last page of your research paper
• Appendices


  Contain all the supplementary materials used in the research, such as questionnaires, interview questions, photographs, lists of terms, survey instruments, letters, and many other types of supplementary material