Biology B4- Bioenergenetics

• Photosynthesis


  Process that produces glucose using light
• Photosynthesis


  1. Carbon dioxide + water

  2. Glucose + oxygen
• Chloroplasts


  • Where photosynthesis takes place in green plant cells
  • Contain pigments
• Photosynthesis is endothermic - energy is transferred from the environment
• Ways plants use glucose

  • Respiration
  • Making cellulose
  • Making amino acids
  • Stored as oils/fats
  • Stored as starch
• Limiting factors


  Factors that stop photosynthesis from happening any faster (light, CO2, temperature)
• Light intensity increases


  Rate of photosynthesis increases up to a point, then flattens out
• CO2 concentration increases


  Rate of photosynthesis increases up to a point, then flattens out
• Temperature increases


  Rate of photosynthesis increases up to an optimum, then decreases as enzymes are damaged
• Respiration


  Process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose, occurring in every cell
• Respiration is exothermic - transfers energy to the environment
• Uses of energy from respiration


  • Building larger molecules
  • Muscle contraction
  • Maintaining body temperature
• Metabolism


  All the chemical reactions in an organism
• Aerobic respiration


  1. Glucose + oxygen

  2. Carbon dioxide + water
• Anaerobic respiration in muscles


  1. Glucose

  2. Lactic acid
• Anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast


  1. Glucose

  2. Ethanol + carbon dioxide
• Anaerobic respiration transfers less energy than aerobic respiration
• Vigorous exercise


  Muscles start doing anaerobic respiration
• Anaerobic respiration


  Leads to an oxygen debt
• Investigating effect of exercise

  1. Measure breathing rate and pulse rate

  2. Plot results in a bar chart