central nervous system

• define aggression (2)

  aggression is behaviour that is intended to cause injury both psychological or physical, for example raising your arm as a threat
• what is the limbic system

  consists of amygdala - plays a role in threat perception and regulating emotional responses and role in memory and learning
• what is the hypothalamus

  controls motivational behaviours and right or flight response and helps maintain bodily function in endocrine by secreting horomones
• what is the spinal cord

  consists of nerves carrying incoming and outgoing messages between the brain and body
• what are the 4 areas of the brain

  1. frontal
  2. parietal
  3. occipital
  4. temporal
• frontal lobe

  for decision making, impulse control and reasoning
• parietal lobe

  for sensation and movement
• occipital lobe

  vision
• temporal lobe

  responsible for emotion and memory processing
• what is lateralisation of function (2)

  for certain functions, left or right side of the brain is more involved, for example:

  • language is associated with left hemisphere (broca's area and wernicks area are associated with left side)
• what is localisation of function (2)

  certain areas of the brain are responsible for certain functions & behaviours, for example:

  • broca's area is located in the PFC and is responsible for speech production while wernick's area is located in the temporal lobe and is related to understanding language
• what are the 2 main functions of the nervous system

  1. collect process and respond to information from environment
  2. coordinate working of different organs and cells in the body
• what does the CNS consist of

  1. brain - receives information from sensory receptors
  2. spinal cord - information trvels to spine and passess info to the brain linking with our peripheral nervous system
• what is the peripheral nervous system

  transmits messages to and from the CNS and is divided into

  • autonomic nervous system - controls vital automatic functions e.g: breathing
  • somatic nervous system - controls muscle movement and receives info from sensory receptors
• structure of a neuron

  1. dendrites receive NTs (chemicals) from neighbouring cells
  2. axon carries electrical impulse away from cell body - generated in the axon hillock
  3. myelin sheath insulates the axon & protects electrical signals
  4. nodes of ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath that allows the signal from the axon to jump along the length of the axon
  5. axon terminal involved in communicating with the neurons by releasing NT through a synapse (diffused)
  6. axon terminal contains vesicles which store NT