DNA replication

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Created by
natalie

Cards (26)

  • The semiconservative model has a hybrid product, with one strand of old DNA and one strand of new DNA.
  • The conservative model has a product with one entirely new DNA helix and one old DNA helix.
  • The dispersive model has two hybrid products with each strand having a mix of new and old nucleotides.
  • The semiconservative model has been proven to be true.
  • DNA polymerase are enzymes that build DNA by connecting nucleotides.
  • DNA polymerase can only add DNA to the 3' end.
  • The strand that is continuously replicated is the leading strand.
  • The strand that is replicated away from the fork is the lagging strand.
  • The origin of replication is where the replication starts.
  • A replication bubble is the region around DNA that is being unwound and has a Y shape.
  • A replication fork is the region where strands are split by helicase.
  • Primase is an enzyme that makes an RNA primer that allows DNA replication to start.
  • On the lagging strand, pieces of DNA that are replicated are called Okazaki fragments.
  • Okazaki fragments are bonded together with DNA ligase.
  • Telomeres are at the ends of chromosomes and are a repeating sequence of TTAGGG.
  • As chromosomes replicate, the telomeres gradually get shorter.
  • Telomerase is an enzyme found in some cells that can re-lengthen telomeres and allow for more division.
  • DNA contains non-coding DNA in between gene-encoding sequences.
  • Transcription is the process of making complementary DNA/RNA out of original DNA.
  • Translation is the process of converting an RNA sequence to a series of amino acids which form a protien.
  • Gene expression is converting information from DNA into responses like protein and is transcription/translation combined.
  • The three types of RNA are mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
  • mRNA is called messenger RNA and carries information for an amino acid sequence.
  • rRNA is ribosomal RNA and forms part of a ribosome.
  • tRNA is transfer RNA and links to amino acids to aid in translation.
  • A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that code for an amino acid.