Science Mod 1

• Boyle's study


  1. Varied the pressure and noticed its effect on the volume of the gas, without changing its temperature

  2. Noticed that the volume of the gas decreased as the pressure exerted on it increased

  
• Syringes


  • Utilize Boyle's law on a very basic level
• Gases


  Take the shape of the container wherein particles are able to move naturally to all parts of the container
• Particles of gases


  • Move at random directions very fast travelling in straight-line paths
  • The molecules of the gas are very large compared to the very short distances between them
• Boyle's Law


  The relationship between the volume of a gas and its pressure

  
• Syringes


  • Utilize Boyle's law on a very basic level
• Marshmallow in syringe activity

  1. Remove the plunger, place the marshmallow inside and reinsert the plunger

  2. Seal the syringe with the rubber stopper

  3. Increase the pressure by giving the plunger inward push

  4. Decrease the pressure by slowly pulling the plunger outwards
• Increasing pressure


  Decreases the volume of the marshmallow
• Decreasing pressure


  Increases the volume of the marshmallow
• Kinetic Molecular Theory


  Can be employed to explain Boyle's conclusion
• Pressure


  The force exerted by the gas on the walls of its container divided by the surface area of the container
• Common units of pressure

  • Pascal (Pa)
  • Atmosphere (atm)
  • Torr
  • Millimeter mercury (mm Hg)
• Volume


  The space occupied, equal to the volume of the vessel or container
• Common units of volume

  • Cubic meter (m3)
  • Cubic centimeter (cm3)
  • Liter (L)
  • Milliliter (mL)
• Temperature


  The degree of hotness or coldness
• Units of temperature


  • Degree Celsius (°C)
  • Degree Fahrenheit (°F)
  • Kelvin (K)
• Standard temperature and pressure (STP)

  Standard temperature is 0 °C or 273.15 K and the standard pressure is 1 atm pressure
• At STP, one mole of gas occupies 22.4 L of volume
• 1 atm = 760 torr = 760 mm Hg
• 1 torr = 1 mm Hg
• 1 atm = 101,325 Pa
• Standard pressure is 1 atm
• Standard temperature is 0 °C or 273.15 K
• Pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature
• Increasing pressure


  Decreases the volume of the gas
• Decreasing pressure


  Increases the volume of the gas
• The constant k depends on the mass of the gas and the temperature
• As one variable changes, the other changes in such a way that the product of P×V always remains the same
• Volumes


  • 18 m3
  • 29 m3
  • 0.034 m3
  • 55 m3
• CO_Q4_Science 10_ Module 1.1
• What I Have Learned
• Intermolecular force of attraction

  Strong, weak
• Movement of gas particles

  Far, close
• If pressure is increased

  Volume will be decreased
• Relationship between volume and pressure

  Directly, inversely proportional
• Stated by


  Robert Boyle, Jacques Charles
• Pressure


  Force exerted by the gas on the walls of its container divided by the surface area of the container
• Volume


  Force exerted by the gas on the walls of its container multiplied by the surface area of the container
• 101,325 Pa is equivalent to


  1 atm, 76 torr
• P1 in Boyle's Law


  Initial pressure