6. Respiration

Cards (17)

  • What is the respiration equation? (GO ECW)
    Glucose + Oxygen > Energy + Carbon dioxide +Water !
  • The high energy molecule produced during respiration is called ATP.
  • A large amount of energy is stored In the bonds holding ATP together.
  • ADP is made from 2 molecules.
  • Breaking down ATP into ADP and Pi releases energy.
  • Synthesising ATP and Pi into ATP requires energy.
  • There are two forms of respiration
    -Aerobic Respiration (Oxygen is required)
    -Anaerobic Respiration (Oxygen is NOT required)
  • Aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen, takes place in the mitochondria. Aerobic respiration produces many ATP.
  • Anaerobic Respiration, which does NOT require oxygen, takes place in the cytoplasm. Anaerobic respiration produces 2 molecules of ATP.
  • The first stage of respiration (in both forms) is called glycolysis.
  • Stage 1: Glycolysis (Takes part in the cytoplasm)
    Glucose > Pyruvate
    This creates 2 molecules of ATP.
  • Stage 2: Aerobic Respiration (Takes place in the mitochondria)
    Pyruvate > Carbon dioxide + Water
    Produces 36 molecules of ATP.
  • If oxygen is not available, a form of respiration known as fermentation takes place.
  • Fermentation in animals: (GPL)
    Glycolysis > Pyruvate > Lactic Acid
    Produces 2 molecules of ATP
  • Fermentation in plants and yeast:
    Glucose > Pyruvate > Ethan + Carbon Dioxide
    Produces 2 molecules of ATP
  • The energy transferred by ATP can be used for cellular activities such as, muscle cell contraction, cell division, protein synthesis and transmission of nerve impulses.
  • Respiration begins in the cytoplasm. The process of fermentation is completed in the cytoplasm whereas aerobic respiration is completed in the mitochondria.