L5

• Inflammation


  • Standard, initial response of the body to injury
  • Whether biological, chemical, physical, or radiation burns, all injuries lead to the same sequence of physiological events

  
• Suffix "-itis"


  Denotes inflammation of a specific organ or type
• Inflammation of specific organs

  • Peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum)
  • Meningitis (inflammation of the meninges)
• Four cardinal signs of inflammation

  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Pain
  • Local heat
• Acute inflammation


  Develops quickly and resolves within days
• Chronic inflammation


  Can last for months or years, usually because of the persistence of the initiating factor
• Chronic inflammation is seen in diseases where there is persistent infection, usually because the pathogen can resist the body's immune defences
• If the infection is cleared, chronic inflammation resolves, but residual damage may still be evident in the tissues

  
• Infection


  The invasion and growth of germs in the body. The germs may be bacteria, viruses, yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms
• Infections can begin anywhere in the body and may spread all through it. An infection can cause fever and other health problems, depending on where it occurs in the body
• Infection can affect any tissue of the body, producing cell damage and inflammatory reactions
• Causes of growth problems


  • Familial short stature
  • Constitutional growth delay
  • Systemic or chronic illnesses
  • Malnutrition
  • Endocrine (hormone) diseases
  • Genetic disorders
  • Skeletal abnormalities
  • Growth hormone deficiency
  • Idiopathic
• Pyogenic infections


  Infections in which pus is produced
• Sepsis


  The term sepsis covers numerous and diverse pyogenic infections which includes superficial skin infections, wound infections, infection of burns, infection of eyes, peritonitis and abscesses
• Pus


  An exudate typically white yellow or yellow formed at the site of inflammation during infection
• Abscess


  Localized collection of pus composed of living and dead WBC, components of tissue break down
• Tuberculosis (TB)


  Caused by bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) and it most often affects the lungs. TB is spread through the air when people with lung TB cough, sneeze or spit
• Venereal disease (VD)


  A sexually transmitted infection (STI), also referred to as a sexually transmitted disease (STD), is an infection that is spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex, oral sex, or sometimes manual sex

  
• A person needs to inhale only a few germs to become infected with TB
• Tissue Repair and Regeneration
• Allergy (Hypersensitivity)