prac

Subdecks (1)

Cards (52)

  • neuron
    a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
  • dendrite
    Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
  • soma
    cell body
  • myelin sheath
    A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
  • axon
    the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
  • axon terminals (terminal buttons)

    contains neurotransmitters which are released after depolarization and neural impulse
  • synapse
    the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
  • action potential
    a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
  • all-or-none principle

    Refers to the fact that the action potential in the axon occurs either full-blown or not at all.
  • excitatory neurotransmitters
    chemicals released from the terminal buttons of a neuron that excite the next neuron into firing
  • inhibitory neurotransmitters
    chemicals released from the terminal buttons of a neuron that inhibit the next neuron from firing
  • Acetylcholine (ACh)

    enables muscle action, learning, and memory
  • dopamine
    influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
  • endorphins
    "morphine within"--natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure.
  • serotonin
    Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal
  • GABA
    An inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain; for relieving anxiety, improving mood, reducing symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and treating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is also used for promoting lean muscle growth, burning fat, stabilizing blood pressure, and relieving pain
  • glutamate
    A major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory
  • norepinephrine
    A neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood regulation
  • afferent neurons

    Nerve cells that carry impulses towards the central nervous system
  • interneurons
    neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
  • efferent neurons
    Nerve cells that conduct impulses away from the central nervous system
  • neuron
    a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
  • dendrite
    Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
  • soma
    cell body
  • myelin sheath
    A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
  • axon
    the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
  • axon terminals (terminal buttons)

    contains neurotransmitters which are released after depolarization and neural impulse
  • synapse
    the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron
  • action potential
    a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
  • all-or-none principle

    Refers to the fact that the action potential in the axon occurs either full-blown or not at all.
  • excitatory neurotransmitters
    chemicals released from the terminal buttons of a neuron that excite the next neuron into firing
  • inhibitory neurotransmitters
    chemicals released from the terminal buttons of a neuron that inhibit the next neuron from firing
  • Acetylcholine (ACh)
    enables muscle action, learning, and memory
  • dopamine
    influences movement, learning, attention, and emotion
  • endorphins
    "morphine within"--natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure.
  • serotonin
    Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal
  • GABA
    An inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain; for relieving anxiety, improving mood, reducing symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and treating attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is also used for promoting lean muscle growth, burning fat, stabilizing blood pressure, and relieving pain
  • glutamate
    A major excitatory neurotransmitter; involved in memory
  • norepinephrine
    A neurotransmitter involved in arousal, as well as in learning and mood regulation
  • afferent neurons

    Nerve cells that carry impulses towards the central nervous system