MIL

• Information needs


  What we recognize as needs. Allows us to think about our purpose
• Information needs


  • Checking the budget before buying
  • Checking the nutrition facts
• Authenticity


  Truth and original
• Validity


  Correct. Accuracy and precision. Logically accepted since it is most factual and less biased, and error free
• Reliability


  Validity but relevance of the information. Up-to-date
• Credible


  Validity and reliability
• Digital divide


  Differences between information-rich and information-poor
• Digital divide


  • Others using books
  • Others don't know how to navigate gadgets
• Primary sources


  Original, uninterpreted, and "first-hand" by person directly involved in the event
• Secondary sources


  Went through editing or interpretation
• Secondary sources


  • Encyclopedias
  • Documentaries
  • History
  • Dictionaries
• Tertiary source


  Primary+secondary list, summarize or simply repackage
• Tertiary sources are NOT always considered for ACADEMIC RESEARCH
• Plagiarism


  Copying copyrighted info of created work without acknowledging the author properly
• Copyright


  A set of rights granted to the author or creator
• Misinformation


  Information is false but not intended to cause harm
• Disinformation


  False information and used to harm
• Mal-information


  Information is true but used to inflict harm
• Jonathan Corpus ong and Jason Vincent Cabañes: '"Architects of neutral disinformation"'
• 7 types of mis and disinformation

  • Satire or parody
  • False connection
  • Misleading content
  • False context
  • Imposter content
  • Manipulated content
  • Fabricated content
• Satire or parody


  Form of entertainment used to criticize government in a satirical way, using irony, humor, exaggeration. Can be misunderstood if not labeled
• False connection


  Clickbait, where the headline is different from the body
• Misleading content


  True but presented in a different angle in a way that distorts meaning
• False context


  Information is true but the time, place or presentation creates suspicion from the wrong context
• Imposter content


  Mimics legitimate authorities/sources, used for scamming
• Manipulated content


  Editing genuine information, highly effective in spreading false information or influencing public opinion. Example: photos, videos
• Fabricated content


  False, no basis, entirely made up
• RAVAT ramework for evaluating information

  • Reliability
  • Value
  • Authority
  • Timeline
• Timeline


  How old is it? Make sure it's not out of date.
• Authority


  Who wrote it? Check if they know what they're talking about.
• Value


  Is it helpful? Is it new? Fits with what you're studying.
• Reliability


  Is it true? Check the source. Look for proof.