Parts of research

Cards (50)

  • Chapter 1: The problem and its background
    Background of the study, Statement of the problem, Significance of the Study, Scope and limitations of the study, Definition of terms
  • Chapter 2: Review of related literature
  • Chapter 3: Methods and procedures
    Methods of research
    Subjects of the study
    Description of research instrument
    Data Gathering Procedures
    Statistical Treatment Applied
  • Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of the data
    Results of the study
  • Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusion, and recommendations
  • Chapter 5
    Summary of findings
    Conclusion
    Recommendations
  • Others
    Title Page
    Acknowledgement
    Table of Contents
    List of Tables/Figures
    Bibliography
    Appendix
  • Chapter 1
    Background of the study, Statement of the problem, Significance of the Study
  • Chapter 1
    Scope and limitations of the study, Definition of terms
  • Learning Targets
    At the end of the lesson, the students are able to;
    Identify the parts of the research paper
    Be familiar with different parts of research paper
    Recognize the connections among these various types
  • Parts of a Research Paper
    • CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
    • CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
    • CHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURES
    • CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
    • CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    • Others
  • Background of the Study
    Includes purpose and reason behind the conduct of the study. (What made you conduct the study?) Also serves as the introduction.
  • Statement of the Problem
    The main problem that the research is trying to solve. It follows the formulation of the title and should be faithful to it. It specifically points the important questions that the study needs to answer. It also serves as the bases of the questionnaire.
  • Significance of the Study
    (Why conduct the study?) You have to identify who will benefit from the research and how they will be benefitted. This should match with the Recommendations.
  • Scope and Limitations of the Study

    Determines the coverage of the study and all the things that it will not cover in order to be specific.
  • Definition of Terms
    Defines technical terms based on how they are used in the study, specifically in the title. This aims to provide the readers or future researches with the basic terminologies that are important to understand the paper.
  • Review of Related Literature
    This is where you will use your note cards and will serve as the foundation of your research. This is your own work and therefore should not directly lift words from other sources. This will require your command of language and writing skills such as summarizing, paraphrasing and writing indirect speeches.
  • Method of Research
    The kind of research used by your study. This answers why the method used is appropriate for the study.
  • Subjects of the Study
    Describes your respondents: who they are, what their profile is, where they are from, etc.
  • Description of Research Instrument
    Describes your instrument which is the questionnaire.
  • Data Gathering Procedure
    Narrates the process undergone by the study that eventually leads to the findings.
  • Statistical Treatment Applied

    The statistical treatment that you will use which includes your sampling method and formulas to come up with findings out of the data gathered.
  • Results of the Study
    Presents all the data gathered using the questionnaire by tabulating all the gathered information. Aside from the tables, an interpretation of each presented data should follow. These will serve as the bases of your Summary of Findings.
  • Summary of Findings
    Summarizes the interpretation of data given in Chapter 4. These should directly answer your statement of the problem.
  • Conclusions
    Out of your findings, your conclusions are based. This provides the answers for every statement of the problem. This is where you will prove your hypotheses and assumptions.
  • Recommendations
    Should be directly based on the significance of the study. This also includes the recommended actions that should be done after the conduct of the study such as further assessment of the subject, focus on other factors, etc.
  • Others

    • Title Page
    • Acknowledgement
    • Table of Contents
    • List of Tables/Figures
    • Bibliography
    • Appendix
  • Qualitative Research

    Qualitative research aims to gain insights into phenomena, groups, or experiences that cannot be objectively measured or quantified using mathematics. Qualitative research is more exploratory, drawing upon data sources such as photographs, journal entries, video footage, and interviews.
  • Quantitative Research
    Quantitative research tackles questions from different angles. Quantitative research provides precise causal explanations that can be measured and communicated mathematically. The goal is to obtain objective information, such as determining the best time to undergo a specific medical procedure.
  • Sources of Qualitative Research

    • Conducting focus groups
    • Examining various types of records, including but not limited to diary entries, personal letters, official documents, medical or hospital records, photographs, video or audio recordings, and even minutes from meetings
    • Conducting ethnographic studies, which are studies that seek to explore different phenomena through a cultural or group-specific lens
    • Holding one-on-one interviews
    • Obtaining personal accounts and recollections of events or experiences
  • Sources of Quantitative Research
    • Conducting polls, surveys, and experiments
    • Compiling databases of records and information
    • Observing the topic of the research, such as a specific reaction
    • Performing a meta-analysis, which involves analyzing multiple prior studies in order to identify statistical trends or patterns
    • Supplying online or paper questionnaires to participants
  • Research
    The process of systematic study or investigation to discover new knowledge or expand on existing knowledge
  • Abstract
    A brief summary of a research project and its findings. A summary of a study that describes its most important aspects, including major results and conclusions.
  • Theory
    A theory is a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that explains or predicts events or situations by specifying relations among variables. Theories can be used as the conceptual basis for understanding, analyzing, and designing ways to investigate relationships within social systems.
  • Population vs. Sample
    A population includes all members of interest whereas the sample includes only a portion (subset) of the population.
  • Sampling
    The process of selecting a subset of participants from the pool of all potential participants
  • Sampling
    • Probability sampling – The process of selecting a subset of participants for which all individuals in a sampling frame have a known probability of being selected to participate. Simple random sampling is a common example where members of the sample are selected randomly, and each has the same probability of being selected.
    • Nonprobability sampling – The process of selecting a subset of participants for which all individuals in a sampling frame do not have a known probability of being selected to participate. This is often used when researchers have reason to be selective in who participates, like studying only those who have experienced a particular phenomenon.
  • Variables
    An attribute or characteristic that can be measured and takes on different values (changes) among and between participants.
  • Variables
    • Independent variable – An attribute or characteristic that the researcher manipulates or changes, and which the researcher expects has an effect on the dependent variable(s)
    • Dependent variable – An attribute or characteristic that changes as a result of another variable (typically the independent variable)
  • Citation
    The act of acknowledging or documenting a reference source used in preparing an assignment, report or project. It is also described as documentation. A full citation lists accurate information about author, title, publication date and related facts. There are a number of different citation styles.