MICP

• FUNCTIONS OF SKIN - largest organ of body, Maintains homeostasis, Protects underlying tissues and organs, Protects body from mechanical injury damaging substances, and ultraviolet rays of sun
• EPIDERMIS - the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.
• DERMIS- beneath the epidermis, contains toughconnective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands.The deeper subcutaneous tissue
• HYPODERMIS - is made of fat and connective tissue.
• STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUSa Gram-positive coccus usually arranged in grape like clusterIt exhibits huge, spherical, golden-yellow colonies under a microscope.Produce enzymes toxins for its pathogenicity and through direct invasion and destruction of tissuesFound in the skin and nasopharynx
• FOLLICULITIS a common skin condition in which hair follicles become inflamed. It's usually caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. At firstit may look like small red bumps orwhite-headedpimples around hair follicles the tiny pockets fromwhich each hair grow
• PSEUDO FOLLICULITIS BARBAE (RAZOR BUMPS) - Tightly curled hairs embed into skin and irritate it generating raised, reddened papule or pustule. Treated by allowing hair to grow out, using hair growth inhibitors
• ACNE KELIODALIS - Inflammation form folliculitis at base of the neck, generally in back. Treated with anti-biotics or local steroid injections
• FURUNCLE (BOILS) - ski abscesses caused by staphylococcal infection, which involve a hair follicle and surrounding tissue
• CARBUNCLE - cluster of boils. they are painful, pus-filled bumps, that form a connected area of infection under the skin.
• HORDEOLUM - commonly called "stye" an infection of an oil gland at the edge of the eyelid
• IMPETIGO - is a common and highly contagious skin infection that mainly affects infants and young children
• STAPHYLOCOCCAL SCALDED SKIN SYNDROME (SSSS) - is skin bacteria called toxin that can affect skin all over the body
• STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS - part of the skin's normal flora frequently linked " stich abscess" UTI and endocarditis
• STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES - a species of Gram-positive, aerotolerant bacteria in the genus Streptococcus. These bacteria are extracellular, and made up of non-motile and non-sporing cocci (round cells) that tend to link in chains
• ST. ANTHONY'S FIRE SKIN DISEASE OR ERYSIPELAS - an acute infection, typically with skin rash and may refer to Ergotism
• CELLULITIS - common bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin.
• NECROTIZING FASCITIS - Flesh-eating bacteria (necrotizing fasciitis) is a rare infection of the skin and tissues below it. It can be deadly if not treated quickly
• PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA - A heterotrophic, motile, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium about 1-5 pm long and 0.5-1.0 um wide and facultative aerobe that grows via aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor
• OCULAR KERATITIS- main symptoms are redeyes, profuse tearing, photophobia, corneal clouding. and intense pain.
• EXTERNAL OTITIS (SWIMMER'S EAR)- Outer ear infection. Redness of the car canal, ear pain, draining fluids and discharge of pus are signs of swimmer's ear (otitis external).
• CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS - Gram-positive bacillus, anaerobic, Produces endospores, Produces four lethal toxins: alpha, beta, iota, and epsilon toxins
• GAS GANGRENE (CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS ) - is a life threatening infection following trauma or surgery and is characterized by massive tissue necrosis with gas formation, shock, renal failure, and death within 2 days of onset. (Evident in diabetic people)
• SKIN BIOPSY- A piece of skin is removed and examined under a microscope to identify a skin condition
• SKIN TESTING (ALLERGY TESTING): Extracts of common substances (such as pollen) are applied to the skin, and any allergic reactions are observed.
• TUBERCULOSIS SKIN TEST (PURIFIED PROTEIN DERIVATUVE OR PPD): Proteins from the tuberculosis (TB) bacteria are injected under the skin. In someone who's had TB, the skin becomes firm.
• BACILLUS ANTHRACIS - Gram-positive bacilli, encapsulated, arranged in long chains large, aerobic, spore forming
• ANTHRAX - bacterial disease caused by bacillus anthracis that can affect skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract depending on the portal of entry of the etiologic agent.
• THREE FORMS OF ANTHRAX DISEASE - 1. Cutaneous anthrax 2. Inhalational (pulmonary) anthrax 3. Gastrointestinal anthrax
• CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX - results from contact with material containing anthrax endospores.
• INHALATIONAL (PULMONARY) ANTHRAX - most dangerous form of anthrax in humans. Endospores inhaled into the lungs have high probability of entering bloodstream.
• GASTROINTESTINAL ANTHRAX - caused by ingestion ofundercooked food containing endospores.
• BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS - Involves irritation, reddening of conjunctiva; edema of eyelids, mucopurulent discharge; sensitivity to light; highly contagious
• HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE BIOGROUPIAEGYPTIUS - known as the Koch-Weeks bacillus; Gram-negative bacterium: rod shape (coccobacillus) caused worldwide seasonal epidemics (summer)
• STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA- Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic pathogen, in pairs, encapsulated. Alpha hemolytic if aerobic; beta hemolytic if anaerobic Lancet shaped virulenceadhesin, pneumolysin and IgA capsule, toxin
• CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS - Gram-negative bacterium and obligate intracellular pathogen.; cell with high lipid. Susceptible to Sulfonamides. associated with eye infections such as: conjunctivitis, inclusion conjunctivitis, and trachoma
• CONJUNCTIVITIS - also called "swimming pool conjunctivitis" Transmission: Acquired non/poorchlorinated swimming pool, In adults, occur w/ non-gonococcal urethritis or cervicitis (genital to eyes transfer), there is mucopurulent eye discharge / occurs with pneumonia or chlamydial nasopharyngitis.
• TRACHOMA (CHLAMYDIA KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS) - Also called as "chronic keratoconjunctivitis" Caused by serotypes A, B & C. Transmitted eye-to-eye by droplets, fomites & eye-seeking flies, particularly in poor living conditions.
• NEISSERIA GONORRHEAE - a kidney bean-shaped, Gram-negative diplococcus Also called as gonococcus,. Common cause of In neonates, "ophthalmia neonatorum" - acquired upon passage in birth canal.
• BACTERIAL ENTEROCOLITIS (FOOD POISONING) - Bacterial food poisoning is defined as an illness caused by the consumption of food contaminated with bacteria or bacterial toxins