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Cards (23)
Software
- Series of instructions written in a programming
language
that performs a functions.
Operating system
- Program that manages the computer, allows the user to communicate with the
power
and allows software to be run.
Application software
- Software that allows the user to perform a
useful
task.
Example of Application software:
Word processor
Spreadsheet
Database
Web browser
Bootstrap
-->
Firmware
-->
Operating system
-->
Application software
Firmware
- Instructions that are stored in ROM and are loaded when computer starts.
Bootstrap
- First commands loaded when a computer
starts
, checks
hardware
and loads
firmware
,
Interface
- <Method by which a user communicates with a computer.
Types of interface:
Graphical User Interface
Command line interface
Natural language interface
Graphical User Interface
- Type of operating system that includes windows, icons, menus and pointers.
Command line interface
- Type of operating system where the user types commands
Natural language interface
- Type of
operating system
that allows the user to
type
or
speak
commands.
Operating system manages:
Files
Peripherals
and
drivers
Memory
Multitasking
Interrupts
User accounts
Peripherals
-
Hardware device
used to
input
,
store
or
output
data from
computer.
Not directly part of
computer
itself.
Interrupts handler
- Program that organises
interrupts
into an
order
based upon
priorities.
Interrupt service routine
- Program that retrieves an interrupt and performs the required actions.
High-level language
- Type of programming language that uses
English-like
commands.
Low-level language
- Language closer to machine's language (
assembly language
,
binary code
)
Assembly language
- Code written in memonics that allows direct manipulation of hardware. Must be converted to
binary code
to run.
Translator
- Type of software that converts code from one
language
to another, usually high to low level
language.
Interpreter
- Translator that converts
high
level language into
low
level language. Checks
one line of code
then executes
before
checking the next.
Compiler
- Translator that converts
high
level language to
low
level language. Checks all code
before
running program.
Executable file
- File produced by compiler that can run independent of translator software and does not include
source code.