CORLIT

• How politics in Fiji, Vanuatu, and Papua New Guinea affected Pacific writers

  • Affected the writers' perception of authority and power
• Themes of the poems "I am Hine, I am Moana" and "Prescribed Fire"

  • Cultural celebration whilst promoting the practices and traditions of the Pacific
• How African literature developed

  Started from Arabic Poetry until both literatures combined to create unique forms of literature
• Themes in African literature

  • Race
  • The slavery of Africans
  • African Diaspora which is the spreading of Africans
• Role of oral tradition in African literature


  • Storytellers manipulate some info while sticking to traditions
• Contemporary African writers and their notable works

  • Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (Author of Purplle Hibiscus, Americanah, The thing around your neck, etc.)
  • Chinua Achebe (Author of Things Fall Apart which talks about the impact of colonialism in the Igbo Community)
• How Asian literature evolved

  Started from songs, poetry, and historical artifacts
• Impact of exposure to European literature on Arab students studying abroad

  • Became a leeway to write according to their liking, ditching the traditional way of writing poems
• Prominent Middle Eastern writers and their notable works

  • Hanan Al-Shaykh, known for Women of Sand and Myrrh. Her themes revolve around the independence and lives of women.
  • Naguib Mahfouz, known for Cairo Trilogy. He revolved around modernity, traditions, and social changes in Egypt.
• Issues addressed in contemporary Asian literature

  • Cultural exchange
  • Globalization
  • Identity
  • Preservation of cultures and traditions
• Haruki Murakami


  A Japanese writer, author of Kafka on the Shore and Norwegian Wood
• Why Kafka on the Shore and Norwegian Wood are famous

  • Because of the mysterious characters and imagery used in describing the world they live in
• European literature


  Western Literature
• European literature originated, in Ancient Greece

  300,000 years ago
• Romanticism in Europe Literature

  The end of WW 2, marked the beginning of Romanticism which was the great contributor for Europe Literature
• Examples of Indo-European languages that contribute to European literature

  • Hungarian
  • Basque
• Major literary categories established by ancient Greek writers

  • Poetry
  • Fictional prose
  • Drama
  • History
  • Biography
• Techniques used in the expansion of literature during the Postmodern period

  • Intertextuality
  • Parody
  • Metafiction
• Metafiction


  When the characters or the narrators are aware that they are part of a fiction
• Parody


  Mockery of specific elements of a work
• Intertextuality


  The connectedness of a text to another
• Theatre of the Absurd


  A sub-movement which tackled the senselessness of the WW II
• Samuel Beckett


  An Irish playwright and one of the proponents of Theatre of the Absurd
• Themes in Beckett's "Waiting for Godot"


  • Existentialism and meaninglessness of life
• Carol Ann Duffy


  Author of the poems "Havisham" and "Mrs. Midas"
• Theme of the poem "Havisham"


  • A retelling of a famous woman's life
  • Independence of a woman
• In "Mrs. Midas," why does Mrs. Midas throw her husband out of the house

  Mrs. Midas was annoyed of King Midas as he was granted of King Dionysus a power in which everything he touches would turn gold. He became greedy which caused her throw him out of the house
• What emotion does the poem "Nostalgia" explore

  • All emotions connected to nostalgia itself
• How the poem "Prayer" depicts an individual's interaction with the world


  • How one confronts the world when in need. Example is praying
• What the poem "Anne Hathaway" is about


  • A retelling of the life of the wife of William Shakespeare, named Anne Hathaway
• Carol Ann Duffy was born in Glasgow, Scotland


  December 1955
• Carol Ann Duffy's role from 2009 to 2019


  The first Female Poet Laureate of the UK
• What motivated Carol Ann Duffy to accept the position of the UK's poet laureate


  • No other woman had the chance to
• Awards Carol Ann Duffy has received for her poetry

  • Greenwich Poetry Competition
  • Scottish Arts Competition
  • National Poetry Competition
  • Somerset Maugham Awards
• Poem that won Carol Ann Duffy the National Poetry Competition in 1983


  Whoever She Was
• Prestigious poetry prize Carol Ann Duffy won in 2005 for her collection "Rapture"


  T.S Elliot
• How Duffy describes her reading of text messages in the poem

  • She reads them repeatedly
• How Duffy expresses her discomfort with texting in relation to imagining the person sending the messages


  • Refers to them as broken notes
• Metaphor Duffy uses to describe texting in the poem


  Broken notes and xx
• Structure of the poem

  • A short lyric. Divided into 7 couplets and 14 lines