GNED 03 - Lesson 2

• Mathematical Language 


  Used to communicate mathematical ideas
• Nouns


  numbers, measurements, shapes, spaces, functions, patterns, data, and arrangement
• Mathematical Verbs


  considered as the four main actions attributed to problem solving and reasoning
• According to Kenney, Hancewicz, Heuer, Metsisto, ,and Tuttle (2005), there four main actions
• Modelling and Formulating


  creating appropriate representation and relationship that mathematize the original problem
• Transforming and Manipulating 


  creating a mathematical form in which a problem is originally expressed as equivalent form that represents solution.
• Inferring


  Applying derived results to the original problem situation and generalizing and interpreting results.
• Communicating


  reporting what has been learned about a problem to specified audience
• Jamison (2000)


  the use of language in mathematics are different from language use in speech in three important ways
• Mathematical language is non-temporal
• Mathematical language is devoid of emotional content
• Mathematical language is precise
• Addition (+)

  • Plus
  • The sum of
  • Increased by
  • Total
  • Added to/from
  • More than
• Multiplication ( )

  • Multiplied by
  • The product of
  • Times
• Division (/)

  • Divided by/from
  • The quotient of
  • Per
• Subtraction (-)

  • Minus
  • The difference of
  • decreased by
  • subtracted to/from
  • less than
  • diminished
• Divided by

  numerator-general operation-denominator
• The quotient of 


  General operation-numerator-denominator
• divided from

  denominator -general operation -numerator
• Mathematical Expression 


  The result of combined mathematical symbol
• When we combine numbers and variable in a valid way, using operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponentation and other operations and functions as yet unlearned.
• Mathematical expression 


  It also consist of term and separated with other term with either plus or minus
• Mathematical Expression 


  Any single term may contain an expression in parenthesis or other grouping symbol
• Numerical coefficient 


  The number attached to the variable itself
• Literal coefficient


  The variable itself
• Constant 


  Any single number
• Mathematical sentence


  These expression either use variables, numbers, or both
• Comparison operator

  • equal
  • Not equal
  • Greater than
  • Greater than or equal to
  • Less than
  • Less than or equal to
• Equation 


  mathematical expression containing equal signs
• Inequality 


  mathematical expression containing inequality signs
• Equation 


  =
• Inequality

  • !=
  • >
  • >=
  • <
  • <=
• Open sentence


  the mathematical sentence is not known whether true or false
• Closed sentence 


  the mathematical sentence is known whether true or false
• True Sentence


  2(x +y )=2x+2y
• False Sentence 


  11 is an even number
• Context 


  it refers to particular topics being studied
• Convention


  A technique used by mathematicians, engineers, and scientists in which a particular symbol has a particular meaning
• Mathematical Sentence


  Combination of two or more mathematical expression using comparison operator