what is globalisation

• define globalisation

  is the process increasing interconnectivity between countries
• what systems does globalisation increase

  the worlds

  - economic

  - social

  -cultural

  -political

  -environmental

  systems
• what are the two types of increasing connections

  widening

  deepening
• define widening

  occurs as individual places develop links to locations further away
• define deepening

  occurs as the number and type of connections increase and the volume of flows grow
• what are the flows of goods and services

  commodities

  capital

  people (migrants and tourists)

  information
• what is time-space compression

  the physical distance between places remains unchanged but new technologies eg planes reduce the time it takes to transport goods/services or communicate info
• example of time-space compression

  1700s- fastest transport was a 3 masted frigate (HMS dolphin) which took 2 years to navigate the globe

  
  

  1930s- propeller aircraft took 8 days

  
  

  1990s- jet aircraft (concorde) took 31 hours
• what effect does the time-space compression have

  creates a shrinking world (places seem closer together due to higher interconectivity due to faster ways of travel)
• how is globalization caused

  by the development of new technologies and political and economic decisions that reduce barriers
• how has globalisation accelerated over time

  because developments are cumulative, each build on the last in positive feedback
• what can reverse globalisation

  political and economic decisions
• examples of a reverse of globalisation

  the great depression between ww1 and ww2

  decolonisaiton
• how did countries respond to the great depression

  by increasing protectionism
• how did decolonisation affect globalisation

  during 50s,60s,70s

  -many newly indepedant countries reacted to the percieved exploitative nature of the international trade system by seeking self sufficiency through import subsitution

  -aka doing everything themselves instead of importing it (which is better for them and globalisation)