Compromises & Treaties 8

• Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)


  Agreement between Spain and Portugal, dividing the territories of the New World.
• Treaty of Paris (1763)


  Ended the Seven Years War:

  1. Britain gained Canada & Florida

  2. France gave Louisiana to Spain

  3. Ended French colonies in North America
• Treaty of Paris (1783)


  Ended the Revolutionary War:

  1. Colonists gained independence

  2. The Mississippi became the western border

  3. Colonists gained fishing rights off Canada's coast

  4. Debts paid to British merchants & loyalists
• New Jersey Plan vs. Virginia Plan (1787)

  New Jersey Plan: Favored smaller states

  Virginia Plan: Favored larger states
• Connecticut Plan/Great Compromise (1787)


  Compromise of New Jersey & Virginia Plan:

  1. Called for two houses of Congress

  2. Senate with equal representation

  3. House of Representatives according to population
• 3/5 Compromise (1787)


  Determined that each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person for Congressional representation. Granted disproportionate political power to Slave states.
• Commercial Compromise (1787)


  Allowed Congress to regulate interstate & foreign commerce
• Jay Treaty (1794)


  Britain agreed to evacuate posts in the US but didn't agree to stop impressing US ships. Very unpopular
• Pinckney's Treaty (1795)


  Between US & Spain, opened lower Mississippi to US trade & allowed the US to transfer cargo without paying duties
• Missouri Compromise/Clay's Proposal (1820)


  Allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state, & Maine to enter as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30
• Treaty of Ghent (1814)


  Ended the War of 1812. Did not address grievances that led to the war (stalemate for both sides).
• Treaty of 1818


  Treaty between Britain and America, shared fishing rights off coast of NewFoundland and gave both countries a joint occupation of the Oregon Territory
• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)


  The U.S. paid Spain $5 million for Florida, Spain recognized America's claims to the Oregon Country, and the U.S. surrendered its claim to Texas
• Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842)


  Settled boundary dispute on Maine-Canada border, defined the entire Canadian border.
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)


  Ended Mexican-American war:

  1. Made Rio Grande the southern border

  2. Mexico gave up possession of New Mexico & California
• Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850)


  Treaty between US & Britain & prevented one from having exclusive control of any canal built in Central America
• Crittenden Compromise (1860)


  Effort to prevent secession by Kentucky senator by creating an amendment that guaranteed the right to won slaves in southern territories but was denied by Lincoln
• Compromise of 1877


  Ended Reconstruction, democrats would allow Hayes to take office if he:

  1. Immediately ended federal support for Republicans in the south

  2. Supported the building of a Southern transcontinental railroad
• Atlanta Compromise (1895)


  Belief supported by Booker T. Washington that black & white southerns both had a responsibility to make the south prosper. Believed black people should focus on working hard & not challenge segregation & in return white people would give legal & educational rights
• Treaty of Paris (1898)


  Ended the Spanish-American War;

  1. Cuba gained independence

  2. US acquired Guam & Puerto Rico

  3. The US paid Spain twenty million dollars for the Philippines.
• Hay-Bunua Varilla Treaty (1903)


  Gave the canal zone in Panama to the US once independence was granted
• Gentleman Agreement (1907)


  Agreement secretly called for Japan to restrict emigration of workers in return for California to repeal discriminatory laws
• Root-Takahira Agreement (1908)


  Agreement made with Japan that both would mutually respect each other's Pacific possessions & supported the Open-door policy
• Sussex Pledge (1916)


  Germany promised not to sink merchant or passenger ships without giving warning (didn't follow this)
• Treaty of Versailles (1919)


  1. Disarming & stripping Germany of colonies in Asia & Africa

  2. Germany admitting guilt

  3. Germany accepting French occupation of Rhineland for 15 years

  4. Paying large sums to Britain & France

  5. Applying self-determination for territories once controlled by Central powers

  6. Independence granted for Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, & Poland

  7. New nations of Czechoslovakia & Yugoslavia

  8. League of Nations creation
• Five-Power Treaty, Four-Power Treaty, Nine-Power Treaty (1922)


  5-Power: Nations with the 5 largest navies followed the ratio of US-5, Britain-5, Japan-3, France-1.67, Italy-1.67

  4-Power: US, France, Britain, & Japan agreed to respect each others territory in the Pacific

  9-Power: All nations represented at conference agreed to respect the Open-Door Policy
• Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)


  Renounced aggressive use of force to achieve national ends but failed due to permitting defensive wars & failed to provide for taking action against violators
• Potsdam Agreement (1945)


  The Big Three agreed that:

  1. They would demand Japan's unconditional surrender

  2. Germany & Berlin would be divided into 4 occupation zones
• Paris Peace Treaties (1947)


  Series of Treaties ending WWII:

  1. Allies would divide Germany into occupation zones

  2. Germany would lose 1/4 of its territory to Poland & Soviets

  3. Liberated Eastern European countries held free elections

  4. Soviets would enter war with Japan

  5. Soviets would control half of Sakhalin islands & Kuril islands

  6.Countries would hold a conference in San Francisco to form UN
• US Japan Security Treaties

  Japan gave up its claim to Korea, gave up claims to some Pacific islands, the US ended its occupation of Japan, military bases remained, and allyship between the US & Japan 
• Nuclear Test Ban Treaty

  The Soviets, the US, & 100 other countries agreed to end nuclear testing in the atmosphere. This led to a new round of arms to develop missile superiority. 
• Non-Proliferation Treaty


  Britain, US, & Soviets signed. Agreed not to help other countries develop or acquire nuclear weapons
• Camp David Accord


   Peace settlement arranged by Carter between Egypt & Israel. Provided the framework for a peace settlement between their countries.
• Tonkin Gulf Resolution


   Gave the president a blank check to take all necessary measures to protect US interests in Vietnam. Leading to US troops being sent to fight in Vietnam. (called an illegal war by critics since Congress never declared it)
• Paris Accords


  Promised a cease-fire & free election. The armistice did not end the war between North & South but did allow the US to extract itself.