AO3s attachement

• A weakness of Hazan and Shaver's love quiz is that it was done of volunteer sample so the results may not be representative of the wider population.
• A weakness of Hazan and Shaver's love quiz is that the participants answers may have not been accurate and objective and therefore display social desirability bias.
• A weakness of Hazan and Shaver's love quiz is that it was a correlational study, and therefore its not possible to establish a cause and effect relationship.
• A weakness of Main's adult attachment interview is that participants may have displayed social desirability bias.
• A limitation of Bowlby's monograph on 44 juvenile thieves is that his sample size was very small (only 10 boys) and this means that the findings are not generalisable.
• A weakness of Main's adult attachment interview is that participants may of been influenced by investigator effects.
• A weakness of Little John case study is that we cannot be sure that the results generalise to other children.
• A weakness of the Little John case study is that confounding variables might have influenced John's behaviour and therefore cant establish a causal relationship between separation and distress.
• A strength of the Little John case study is that it demonstrates the importance of early intervention when dealing with attachment issues.
• A weakness of the 44 thieves study is that the interviews may have lacked objectivity and reliability.
• A weakness of the 44 thieves study is that it lacked control over extraneous variables e.g family conflict.
• A weakness of the 44 thieves study is that participants may have been influenced by investigator effects as a result of demand characteristics.
• A weakness of Bowlby's deprivation theory is that other confounding variables could cause their psychological damage e.g poverty
• A weakness of Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory is that Rutter suggested that the idea of deprivation is oversimplified.
• A weakness of Bowlbys maternal deprivation theory is that Koluchova studied twins who had experienced extreme deprivation until they were 7, but with the help of their adoptive parents they were bale to recover and reverse the effects.
• A weakness of the Romanian orphan studies is that they are longitudinal studies which experience attrition over time and inevitably experience a lack temporal validity.
• A weakness of Romanian orphan studies is that families could of displayed social desirability bias in the interviews
• A strength of Harlow 1958 is that it was a lab study so he was able to control extraneous variables and therefore was able to establish a causal relationship between the IV and the DV.
• A weakness of Harlow 1958 is that the appearance of the wire and cloth mother could of acted as a confounding variable.
• A weakness of Harlow 1958 is that it lacks generalisability as it was done on animals and not humans.
• A weakness of Harlow 1958 is that it was unethical on the monkeys.
• A strength of the learning theory of attachment is that there was plenty of opportunity for the babies to form an association between their caregivers and getting fed. Therefore the theory is believable.
• A weakness of the learning theory to attachment is that just because it is believable does not mean it is true.
• A weakness of learning theory to explain attachment is that it is not supported by Harlow 1958, as thestudy suggest that comfort is the main driver for attachment rather than food.
• A weakness of the learning theory for explaining attachment is that babies don't attach to metapelets despite being fed by them on a daily.
• A weakness of Schaffer and Emerson is that the research may have been prone to observer bias due to observational design.
• A weakness of Schaffer and Emerson is that it may suffer from social desirability bias as the mother's had to self report.
• A strength of Schaffer and Emerson is that it had high ecological validity as it was a naturalistic observation.
• A strength of research into caregiver- infant interactions is that there is research support from Isabella who found that babies and mothers who both displayed interactional synchrony and reciprocity were more likely to have a secure attachment.
• A weakness of research into caregiver- infant interactions is that it is difficult to establish and causal relationship.
• Society places strong expectations on fathers to act as the 'breadwinner' rather than the caregiver.
• Fathers couldn't take paternity leave until recently so it has been hard for them to become the primary caregiver.
• A strength of the strange situation is that there is a high degree of control and replicability because the method is well standardised.
• A strength of the strange situation is that the results have been replicated across different cultures.
• A strength of the strange situation is that the results obtained using the SS method are stable and reliable across time.
• A weakness of the strange situation is that the method may be culturally bias towards the behaviours and social norms expected in western cultures.
• A weakness of the strange situation is that the results may lack population validity as it was only on white American mothers.
• A weakness of the strange situation is that it was in a lab setting so it lacks ecological validity.
• A weakness of Lorenz's study is that the results were not completely replicated in later studies. Guiton found that attachment in chicks were reversible and were not monotropic.
• A weakness of Lorenz is that the results may not generalise to humans because it was done on goslings.