PPT 1 PART 1

• Network (in information technology)


  Connection of at least two computer systems, either through cables or wireless connections
• Peer-to-Peer Network


  • Simplest network configuration involving two computers connected by a cable
  • No hierarchy exists; both computers have equal privileges
  • Each computer can access the data of the other and share resources like disk space, applications, and peripheral devices
• Client-Server Networks


  • Typically used in networks with more than ten participants
  • Involves a central computer known as the server, which provides resources to other network participants (clients)
• Host Roles Overview

  • Computers
  • Tablets
  • Smartphones
• Host


  Devices directly participating in network communication, also known as end devices
• Client


  Hosts specifically referring to devices assigned a number, known as the Internet Protocol (IP) address, for communication within a network
• Server Functionality


  • Computers equipped with software to provide information, such as emails or web pages, to other devices on the network
  • Different services require distinct server software; for instance, a web server provides web services
  • Servers can simultaneously serve multiple clients
• Client Software


  • Web browsers like Chrome or Firefox
  • Mail client software like Microsoft Outlook
  • Software enabling tasks like email checking, web browsing, instant messaging, and audio streaming
• Common Server Software Types

  • Email
  • Web
  • File
• End Devices


  Devices with addresses used to distinguish one from another on a network, serving as either the source or destination of network messages
• Intermediary Devices


  • Connect individual end devices to the network and can link multiple networks to form an internetwork
  • Provide connectivity and ensure data flow across the network
  • Use destination end device addresses and network interconnection information to determine message paths through the network