Common disorders of skeletal system

• Athralgia


  Pain in the joint
• Atropathy 


  Disease in the joint
• Luxation 


  Displacement of the bone; dislocation
• Subluxation 


  Partial displacement of the bone from its joint; partial dislocation
• Sprain 


  Twisting of the joint, resulting in pain, swelling and injury to the ligaments
• Fracture 


  Any break in a bone
• Comminuted fracture 


  Splintered/crashed bone
• Compound fracture 


  A break in the bone accompanied by an open wound in the skin; open fracture
• Compression fracture 


  A break in a bone resulting from compression, usually involves one or more vertebrae
• Greentick fracture 


  Condition in which a bone partially bent and partially broken, as when a bamboo breaks
• Simple fracture 


  A break in the bone without an external wound; closed fracture
• Impacted fracture 


  Break in a bone in which one fragments is wedged into the other
• Arthritis


  Inflammation of the joint
• Gouty fracture 


  Inflammation of the joints caused by gout ( disease involving abnormal uric acid metabolism), most commonly affects the big toe
• Osteoarthritis


  Chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of articular cartilage and overgrowth of bone in the weight-bearing joints; often called OA or DJD (degenerative joint disease)
• Rheumatoid arthritis


  Chronic joint disease characterized by inflammation, pain, stiffness, and eventually deformity of the affected joints due to inflammation of the synovial membran
• Bursitis


  Inflammation of the bursae, usually occurring in association with arthritis
• Osteomyelitis


  Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow usually due to infection
• Periostitis


  Inflammation of the periosteum, usually due to a blow to the bone
• Synovitis


  Inflammation of the synovial membrane, usually resulting from injury, infection or arthritis
• Ankylosing spondylitis


  Chronic inflammatory disease of the spine characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae
• Achondroplasia


  Most common inherited disorder affecting the skeletal system, which results in bone deformity and dwarfism
• Spins bifida 


  Congenital disorder characterized by malformation of the spine due to abnormal formation and joining of the vertebrae
• Osteogenesis imprefecta


  Sometimes referred to as brittle bone disease, is a quite serious and rather rare heritable or congenital disease
• Chondromalacia patellae 


  Condition characterized by damage to the cartilage of the kneecap, resulting in pain; most commonly found in adolescents
• Osteomalacia


  Softening and weakening of the bones; usually due to vit D deficiency; in children, the condition is known as rickets
• Osteoporosis 


  Loss of calcium and bone tissue, causing the bone to become porous, brittle and easily fractured; most commonly seen in post-menopausal women
• Paget’s disease 


  Disease characterized by weakened, thickened, deformed bones; most commonly seen in middle aged and elderly adults
• Herniated disk


  Protrusion of a vertebral disk into the center of the vertebral column; irritating the spinal nerves and causing pain
• Kyphosis


  Increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture; may be caused by arthritis, poor posture, osteomalacia, or chronic respiratory disease
• Lordosis


  Forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture; usually caused by increased weight in the abdomen, as during pregnancy
• Scoliosis


  Abnormal curvature of the vertebral column, eventually causing back pain, disk disease, or arthritis; often a congenital disease