Common disorders in respiratory system

• Asthma


  Respiratory condition characterized by obstruction of the bronchi, usually due to excessive mucu production or bronchial spasm
• Atelectasis


  Collapsed lung or incomplete expansion of the lung
• Bronchiectasis


  Abnormal condition of the lung characterized by irreversible dilation of the bronchi
• Bronchitis


  Inflammation of the bronchi
• Croup 


  Acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx
• Cystic fibrosis


  Genetic disease of the exocrine glands that result in excessive mucus production, leading to obstruction of the airways and recurrent respiratory infections
• Diphtheria


  Serious acute bacterial infection characterized by sore throat and fever
• Dyspnea


  Difficulty breathing
• Emphysema


  Chronic lung disease characterized by the enlargement and destruction of alveoli
• Empyema


  Collection of pus in the pleural space
• Epitaxis


  Hemorrhage from the nose (nosebleeding)
• Hypoxemia


  Reduced level of oxygen in the blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
• Hypoxia


  Reduced level of oxygen in the tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
• Laryngitis


  Inflammation of larynx
• Pertussis


  Bacterial infection of the respiratory tract that mainly affects children; characterized by an explosive cough; also called whooping cough
• Pharyngitis


  Inflammation of pharnx
• Pleural effusion


  Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
• Pleuritis


  Inflammation of the pleura; previously called pleurisy
• Pneumoconiosis


  Lung disease caused by inhalation of dust or other particles; AKA black lung
• Pneumonia


  Inflammation of one or both lungs
• Pneumothorax


  Accumulation of air in the pleural space
• Rales


  Crackling sounds heard when using a stethoscope to listen to a patient’s breathing; often a sign of pneumonia
• Rhinitis


  Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
• Rhonchi


  Loud coarse sounds heard when using a stethoscope to listen to a patient’s breathing; sign of obstructed airways
• Stidor 


  A high-pitched, wheezing sound caused by disrupted airflow; musical breathing or extrathoracic airway obstruction.
• Tuberculosis


  The bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis (TB), a contagious, airborne infection that destroys body tissue.
• Wheeze


  a high-pitched whistling sound made while you breathe. It's heard most clearly when you exhale, but in severe cases, it can be heard when you inhale. It's caused by narrowed airways or inflammation.