Pulmonary Function Labs

• Respiration: constituted by the collective processes where oxygen is taken up from the atmosphere, delivered to body cells, and consumed, and the process of producing CO2 and delivering it to the lungs for excretion into the atmosphere
• External respiration: mechanisms by which a person obtains oxygen from the external environment and eliminates CO2 into the external environment
• Gas transport: mechanisms used to distribute oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from cells
• Internal respiration: chemical reactions of cellular metabolism in which oxygen is consumed and CO2 is produced
• Spirometer: volume of air a person inspires and expires measure with this
• Spirogram: resultant record of volume change vs time
• SSVC (single stage vital capacity): entire area to get vital capacity
• FEV (forced expiratory volume): how much air a person can exhale during a forced breath
• MVV (maximal voluntary ventilation): volume of air moved while breathing as quickly and deeply as possible
• How do bronchodilators affect FEV?

  open up airways and clear mucous
• How would asthma affect MVV?

  Asthmatic have smaller airways narrowed by smooth muscle constriction, thickening of the walls and mucous secretion. MVV decreases because of mucous and thick walls decreasing airway diameter
• TLC (total lung capacity): volume of air in the lungs upon the maximum effort of inspiration
• TV (tidal volume): volume of air moved into or out of the lungs in one breath
• IRV (inspiratory reserve volume): maximal amount of additional air that can be drawn into the lungs by determined effort after normal inspiration
• IC (Inspiratory capacity): important measurement of air volume in relation to your respiratory function or status
• FRC (functional residual capacity): volume of air present in hte lungs at the end of passive expiration
• ERV (expiratory reserve volume): amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond a tidal exhalation
• VC (vital capacity): max amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation
• RV (residual volume): amount of air left in the lungs after full exhalation
• Label the spirogram

  A) vital capacity

  B) total lung capacity

  C) inspiratory capacity

  D) expiratory reserve volume

  E) residual volume

  F) inspiratory reserve volume

  G) tidal volume

  H) functional residual capacity