midterms

• biomass; static measure of how much
• primary production; dynamic measure of how much is (made) produced per unit time
• The dysphotic zone is where illumination is too weak for photosynthesis.
• The photic zone is the depth where light is sufficient for photosynthesis.
• The aphotic zone receives no light from the surface because it is all absorbed by the water above.
• Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria are commonly used plant probiotics that promote plant development by converting insoluble P into soluble P that is easily absorbed and used by roots
• An example of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium is Paracoccus
• Proteus, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas and Salmonella – have the ability to reduce sulfur, but can also use oxygen and other terminal electron acceptors.
• Desulfuromonas, use only sulfur These bacteria get their energy by reducing elemental sulfur to hydrogen sulfide. They may combine this reaction with the oxidation of acetate, succinate, or other organic compounds.
• The common sulfur-oxidizing bacterium Thiobacillus thiooxidans is a chemo-lithotroph utilizing thiosulfate and sulfide as sources of energy to produce sulfuric acid.
• Microbial interaction is a biological interaction where the microorganisms’ effect on the other biotic components of the ecosystem can be studied.
• Trichonympha is a protozoan that helps in degrading the complex carbohydrate (cellulose) present in the wood into simple sugars, which is utilized by the termites
• Unlike mutualism, the two interacting species in protocooperation are not dependent on each other, i.e. they only interact for the benefit they will get.
• The competition between the same species’ organisms is called intraspecific competition and the competition between the organisms of different species is known as interspecific competition
• The parasites living outside the host cell are called ectoparasites
• The parasites living inside the host cell are called endoparasites
• ammensalism, also called antagonism; type of negative interaction where one organism produces inhibitory substances for the other