Heat & Cold

• Rebound phenomenon


  Occurs at the time the maximum therapeutic effects of hot or cold application is achieved and the opposite effects begin.
• Rebound phenomenon


  Negates the therapeutic effect of heat and cold application
• 20-30 minutes


  Time when maximum vasodilation heat produces
• 15


  temperature of skin when maximum vasoconstriction
• Continuation of heat application beyond 30 - 45 minutes


  May result to tissue congestion, vasoconstriction and client’s at risk of burn
• Continuation of cold application below 15 Degree Celsius

  May result to vasodilatation begins w/c is protective & prevents freezing of body tissues
• Prolonged cold application


  May result to impaired circulation, cell deprivation & subsequent tissue damage due to lack of oxygen & nourishment
• Moisture


  conducts heat better than air
• better tolerance

  Smaller area =
• lower tolerance


  Larger area of exposure
• Hypothalamus


  Responds to signals from the thermal receptors
• Hypothalamus


  Controls body temperature
• Hypothalamus


  Thermoregulatory center in the brain
• Anterior hypothalamus


  Part of the hypothalamus that dissipate heat
• Posterior hypothalamus


  Part of the hypothalamus that conserve heat
• HOT WATER BAG APPLICATION


  A common form of dry heat used at home
• Aquathermia 


  It is a rubber pad of tubular construction that can be filled with distilled water, an electrical unit heats the water and keeps it at an even temperature
• K pad 


  other term for aquathermia
• Electric heating pad 


  This provides constant and even heat. It has wires that provide heat should be covered by rubber or plastic to ensure safety
• Heat lamp


  It is a gooseneck lamp containing a 60-watt bulb
• Heat lamp

  applied 18-24 inches from the body
• Heat cradle 


  A metal cradle in which several electric sockets are installed for 25-watt luminous bulb, applied 18 inches away from the patient
• Heat packs 


  commercially prepared and disposable
• Hot packs 


  commercially prepared and disposable
• Gel filled hot packs 


  gel-filled hot packs are available commercially and are reusable
• Thermal blanket 


  Similar to the water-flow heating pad except that it is of

  blanket size
• Diathermy 


  Deep heat treatment. Electrical energy is changed to heat similar to the principle underlying the microwave
• WARM COMPRESS APPLICATION


  A form of local moist heat application done with compress cloth.
• Sitz bath

  Means of applying tepid or hot water to the pelvic or rectal area. Clients are placed in a tub filled with sufficient water to reach the umbilicus
• 40 - 43


  Temperature for Sitz bath
• 15 - 20 minutes 


  Duration of Sitz bath
• Warm soaks 


  Immersion of a body area into warm water or a

  medicated solution. Soften and remove encrusted secretions and dead tissue
• Ice bag application 


  Relatively easy and inexpensive method for applying cold to the area affected
• Gel filled cold pack 


  available commercially and reusable cold pack
• Thermal Blanket (Cooling)


  commonly referred as hypothermia blanket. the blanket cools the patient to the desired body temperature and

  maintains that level
• COLD COMPRESS APPLICATION


  a form of local, moist cold application done with compress cloth.
• Cold Sponge Bath


  Used to lower temperature