Abnormal final exam

• Oppositional defiant disorder

  Children are argumentative defiant, angry and irritable some cases

  Vindictive
• Conduct disorder. 

  A more severe Children repeatedly violate other basic Rights

  Example: steal, threaten, harm
• types of Conduct disorder.

  Four

  1. Overt destructive pattern
  2. over nondestructive pattern
  3. Covert destructive pattern
  4. Covert nondestructive pattern
• Separation anxiety disorder

  Extreme anxiety, often panic, whenever they are separated from a home or parent

  ex: refusing to go to school

  4% of children
• Selective mutism

  Children fail to speak in certain social situations but show no difficulty speaking in others.

  Affects 1%

  symptoms last 1+ month
• Anxiety disorder treatment

  Psychodynamic: cognitive behavioral therapy

  psychotropic drug therapy combined with psychotherapy

  play therapy
• Major depressive disorder

  Triggered by negative life events, mayor changes, rejection or ongoing abuse.
• Major depressive disorder symptoms

  1. Headaches
  2. stomach pain
  3. irritability
  4. disinterest
• major depressive disorder treatments

  cognitive - behavioral therapy

  Interpersonal psycho therapy

  anti-depressant drugs
• Bipolar disorder in children

  considered an adult disorder diagnosed earliest in late teens

  Main symptom aggression
• Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

  Severe outbursts of temper

  occurs 3x a week in 2 different settings (home and school)

  diagnosed 6 - 18

  symptoms last a year
• Relational aggression

  Socially isolated and display social misdeeds

  common in Girls

  Ex: slander, rumor starring and friendship manipulation
• Conduct disorder cause linked

  Genetics

  drug abuse

  poverty

  traumatic events

  violence exposure
• Conduct disorder treatments

  Effective before 13

  1. Parent management treatment
  2. child focused treatment
  3. residential treatment
  4. prevention
• neurodevelopmental disorder

  Disability in brain function that affect behavior memory concentration and our ability to learn
• ADHD

  Difficult doing tasks, behave, learn and communicate

  poor school performance misbehavior anxiety
• ADHD treatment

  Drug therapy (methylphenidate ritalin adderall

  behavior therapy

  or combo
• Autism spectrum disorder

  extremely unresponsive, uncommunicative, repetitive, and rigid

  difficultly maintaining relationships

  sensory difficulties

  Echolalia delayed

  symptoms age 3

  80% boys
• Autism spectrum disorder: A group of disorders characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication
• Autism spectrum disorder causes

  Psychological: central perceptual - cognitive disturbance

  theory of mind - mind blindness

  biological: genetics, prenatal, birth complication (abnormal brain structure: brain circuit dysfunction)
• theory of mind

  Thought desires and intentions to others predict or explain actions— deficit for those with autism
• Mind blindness

  Theory that autistic people have a lack of delay of theory of mind
• Communication training

  Autism spectrum disorder treatment

  1. Sign language
  2. simultaneously communication
  3. augmentative communication
  4. child initiated interaction
  5. joint attention training
• Autism spectrum disorder treatment

  Cognitive behavioral treatment

  communication training

  parent training

  community integration
• Hypersensitivity

  Over responsiveness to a wide range stimuli

  (over stimulated)
• hyposensitivity

  under responsiveness to enviornment

  abnormal response to stimuli
• Cyberbullying

  Email text messagingwebsite’s apps chat rooms

  girls 50% more likely to be bullied

  legislation anti bully laws since 1999 from Georgia.
• Forensic psychology

  Intersection between the mental health Field and legal and judicial systems
• Criminal commitment

  When accused of crime are judged to be mentally unstable

  sent to mental institution for treatment. (Mentally unstable at the time of crime (NGRI) or committed until competent to stand trial)
• Not guilty by reason of insanity

  deemed mentally unstable at the time of thecrime
• Tests used to determine legal insanity

  3

  1. The m’naghten rulr
  2. the irresistible impulse test
  3. durahm rule
• Insanity legal term

  Defendant may have a mental disorder but not qualify for a legal definition of insanity
• Common disorder in NGRI

  schizophrenia
• Disorders in prison population

  5

  1. psychotic disorder
  2. massive depressive disorder
  3. personally disorder
  4. attention deficit disorder
  5. substance use disorder
• Debate of legal insanity

  2 sides

  1. it’s a loophole
  2. allows for extenuating circumstances
• Duration spent in institution

  offendsr are related earlier because of drug therapy treatment effectiveness

  greater emphasized on patients rights

  or extended time if needed
• Guilty but mentally Ill 


  Known as guilty with diminished capacity - another verdict offered
• Issue of competence raised

  Judges order psychosocial Evaluation

  if found incompetent —> assignment to mental institution until competent to stand trial
• 90% of people with mental disorders are not violent or dangerous


  Historcally people with mental illness were less likely than others to commit violent or dangerous acts Because of mass hospitalization

  _ determination of dangerousness is often required.
• Right to refuse treatment

  Biological treatment _ including psychosurgery

  Right to refuse ECT and or psychotropic medication

  Decision making → patients, advocate clinicians and outside evaluators