English- terminology

Cards (82)

  • Discourse event

    the text
  • text producer

    writer
  • text receiver
    reader/audience
  • implied audience

    the intended audience
  • actual audience
    those who actually read the text
  • discourse communities
    group of people who share the same interests/ knowledge
  • suffix (morpheme)
    -xy [added on the end]
  • prefix (morpheme)

    Xy- [added on at the start of a word]
  • infix (morpheme)

    -xy- [added in the middle of the word]
  • free morphemes
    stand alone (ie 'faith' in faithful)
  • bound morphemes
    cannot stand alone (ie 'ful' in faithful)
  • derivational morpheme
    when an affix forms a word with a different category from the base (ie sing + er= singer - verb --> noun)
  • inflectional morphemes
    affixes don't change the category of the word (ie un + tie= untie - verb-->verb
  • internal change (morpheme)

    morphology isn't always concatentive/ not always at the end or beginning (ie sing + past tense = sang not singed)
  • suppletion (morpheme)
    example of internal change: a complete change of morpheme (ie I go = I went)
  • reduplication (morpheme)

    repeating all or part of the base (ie teeny-weeny)
  • stress (morpheme)

    changes the meaning of a word sometimes (ie noun= 'record , verb= re'cord
  • head word
    a word in a phrase that determines the syntactic category of that phrase (boiling hot 'water'- water would be the head word as it indicates that this is a noun phrase)
  • Pre-modifier (word)

    a word, especially an adjective or noun, that is placed before a noun and describes/restricts it (a noise --> a loud noise)
  • Post-modifier (word)

    a word, especially an adjective or noun, that is placed after a noun and describes/restricts it (the house --> the house on the corner)
  • Qualifier (word)

    a word/phrase, especially an adjective, used to attribute a quality to another word, especially a noun ('pretty' ugly)
  • noun phrase

    a word or group of words that functions in a sentence as subject, object, or prepositional object (ie the 'quick brown fox' jumped over the lazy dog)
  • verb phrase

    a verb with another word(s) indicating tense, mood or person (ie she was 'walking quickly' to 'the mall')
  • active voice (phrase)

    The subject of the sentence performs the action (ie Susan mailed the letter)
  • passive voice (phrase)

    The subject of the sentence receives the action (ie the letter was mailed by Susan)
  • clause
    a group of words that include a subject and a verb
  • subordinate/dependant clause
    a clause, typically introduced by a conjunction that forms a part of/is dependant on the main clause (ie after she picks me up...)
  • coordination/ independent clause

    a clause that is introduced by one of the coordinating conjunctions [a connective], most of the time 'and' or 'but'. Create a compound sentence (ie the sun came out and 'the ice began to melt')
  • adverbial clauses
    a group of words that function as an adverb (ie keep working 'until I tell you to stop')
  • noun clauses
    a dependant clause that acts as a noun. Can act as subjects, direct/indirect objects and objects of a preposition (ie 'whoever thought of this idea' was a genius)
  • Exclamatory sentence
    a more forceful version of a declarative; a sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark (ie You're such a liar!)
  • declarative sentence
    a sentence that makes a statement/ expresses an opinion as fact (ie She leaves for college tomorrow morning; 'the house is going to feel empty without her.')
  • interrogative sentence
    A sentence that asks a question (ie what time is it?)
  • imperative sentence
    A sentence that requests or commands (ie bring me a glass of water)
  • minor sentences
    A minor sentence is a sentence that is either not fully formed or is it an incomplete sentence (ie no pain, no gain)
  • simple sentence
    A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause (ie Joe waited for the train)
  • compound sentence
    a sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions (ie the red house is too expensive but the blue house is too small)
  • complex sentence
    A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause (ie although he was wealthy, he was very unhappy)
  • Noun
    A person, place, thing, or idea
  • common noun
    A general name for a person, place, or thing (ie woman)