Biology 1.6

• What is a producer 


  An organism that makes its own food
• What types of organisms are primary producers 


  Photosynthetic organisms like green plants and algae that trap energy from the sun
• What is a primary consumer

  An organism that feeds on producers
• What is a secondary producer

  An organism that feeds on primary consumers
• What is a tertiary consumer

  An organism that feeds on secondary consumers
• what are herbivourse

  Animals that only eat plants
• What are carnivours 


  Organisms that mainly eat animals
• What are omnivores 


  Eats plants and meats
• What does the sun do 


  Ultimate source of energy for all food chains
• What are decomposes 


  Organisms that break down dead matter

  Such as bacteria and fungi also feed of dead organisms that is what breaks down dead material
• What do food chains show 


  Show the feeding relationship of different organisms and the flow of energy between the organisms
• What is the difference between a food web and food chain 


  •Food web show the interactions of multiple different food chains

  •Food chains show one path of food dependencies
• What is biomass 


  The dry mass of all living organisms in the area
• Why is a dry mass used for biomass


  Because the wet mass varies as the volume of water in the organism varies
• What is a biomass pyramid 


  A pyramid that shows the total dry mass of organisms at each trophic level
• What is a pyramid of numbers 


  Shows the numbers of organisms at each trophic level
• Where is the producer in a pyramid of biomass


  Bottom
• Where is the top consumer in the pyramid of biomass


  Top
• What does a normal pyramid of biomass go in


  Kg

  —kg

  —-kg

  ———kg

  ————kg
• Why is this pyramid of numbers not pyramid shape

  ——-—

  —————-

  ——-

  -

  •Pyramids of numbers don’t take size and mass of organisms into account
• Pyramid of numbers


  Are not pyramid shape
• Pyramid of biomass


  Always pyramid shape
• How do you calculate the efficiency of biomass transfer


  Enerygy transferred * total energy avalible x 100
• 2 different types of decomposers 


  Fungi

  bacteria (microbes) help organisms to decay
• Describe the carbon cycle 


  finish
• Recycling in nature 


  Finish
• What is the function of pesticides

  Used to kill insects
• What is the function of herbicidea

  Used to kill weeds
• Intensive farming and human impact 

  Farming

  more land is needed to grow food
• Waste


  More land needed to bury increasing amounts of waste
• Buildings


  More land needed for houses, shops ect
• Quarrying and mining 


  more land destroyed mining for resources
• Why do developers have to do an environmental impact assessment prior to building developments

  To ensure there is no pollution issues or a loss in biodiversity
• Advantages of fertilisers


  increase crop yield
• Disadvantage of fertilisers


  Can wash away with water from rains and streams causes eutrophication
• Advantages of pesticides 


  increase yeild by stopping pests from eating crops
• Disadvantage of pesticides


  Can lead to bioaccumulation can destroy non pest species (bees)
• Advantage of diseases control

  Prevent loss of plants and animals
• Disadvantage of disease control

  Antibiotics given to animals may still be found in meat from treated animals bacteria may become
• Advantage of battery farming

  Less room to move meaning animals wast less energy so less food is needed. This reduces cost