COMMUNICABLE DISEASE 1

• Communicable disease are often the leading causes of all illness in the country today.
• Communicable diseases are readily transferred
• the most common infection causting micro organisms is bacteria
• Viruses

  • consist primarily of nucleic acid
• Parasites

  • live on other living microorganisms
• Etiologic Agent

  • the extent to which any microorganisms is capable producing an infectious process depends on the number of microorganism.
• Reservoir

  • source of microorganism
  • People are the most common source of infection
• Portal of exit

  • the microorganism must leave the reservoir
• Method of transmission

  • means of transmission to reach another person or host
• Direct transmission

  • immediate or direct transfer
• Indirect transmission

  • vehicle or vector-borne
• Vehicle borne

  • any substance that serves as an intermediate means to transport and introducing infectious agent into susceptible host
• Vector borne

  • an animal or flying or crawling insects
• Portal of entry

  • microorganisms must enter the body
• Susceptible host

  • any person who is at risk for infection
• Compromised host

  • a person who is at increased risk
  • more likely than others to acquire an infection
• Immunization

  • process of introducing vaccine to our body to produce antibodies
• Diptheria - Corynebacterium diptheriae
• Pertussis - Bordatella pertussis
• Tetanus - Clostridium tetani
• Poliomyelitis - Polio virus
• Measles - measles virus
• Mumps - mumps virus
• german measles - rubella virus
• meningitis - haemophilus influenza
• HEPA Vaccine - Hepatic CA
• Tuberculosis - mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Cholera - Vibrio cholera
• Dysentry - shigella dysenteriae
• Typhoid - salmonella typhii
• Chemoprophylaxis

  • administration of drugs to prevent occurence of infection
• DRUGS

  Penicillin - Gonorrhea

  Chloroquine - Malaria

  INH - Tuberculosis
• Mechanical Prophylaxis

  • placing mechanical barriers between the source of agent and host such as use of mosquito nets, maks or gloves.
• INFLUENZA

  • Highly communicable disease characterized by abrupt onset with fever which last 1 to 6 days
• INFLUENZA symptoms

  • chilly sensation, pain the back with prostrations.
  • coryza, sore throat, and cough
• INFLUENZA CA

  • Influenza Virus A, B, C
• PNEUMONIAS

  • acute infectious disease of the lungs usually caused by pneumococcus resulting in consolidation of one or more lobes of either one or both lungs
• PNEUMONIAS CA

  • Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonia
• PNEUMONIA Symptoms

  • Rhinitis
  • Rusty sputum
  • Highly colored urine
  • Fast respiration
  • Severe chills
  • Dilated pupils
• CHOLERA

  • acute serious illness characterized by suddent onset of acute and profuse colorless diarrhea, vomiting, sever dehydration, muscular cramps, and cyanosis.