MRTY4039 The Shoulder

• The shoulder has the greatest ROM of any joint in the body
• Shoulder Movement

  A) Flexion

  B) Extension

  C) Adduction

  D) Abduction

  
• Shoulder Anatomy

  A) Humeral Head

  B) Acromion

  C) Glenoid

  D) Greater

  E) Lesser

  
• Shoulder Joints

  A) Sternoclavicular

  B) Scapulothoracic

  C) Acromioclavicular

  D) Glenohumeral

  
• Shoulder Anatomy

  A) Acromion

  B) Coracoid Process

  
• Coracoclavicular Ligament 


  Attaches clavicle to coracoid of scapula
• Coracoacromial Ligament


  Attaches coracoid of scapula to acromion of scapula
• Transverse humeral ligament


  Connects biceps tendon to lesser and greater tubercle of humerus
• Acromioclavicular ligament


  Attaches acromion of scapula to clavicle
• Coracohumeral Ligament


  Attaches coracoid of scapula to humerus
• Ligaments

  A) Coracoclavicular

  B) coracoacromial

  C) Transverse humeral

  D) Acromioclavicular

  E) coracohumeral

  
• Shoulder Anatomy

  A) Coracoid Process

  B) Acromion

  
• SGHL

  Superior glenohumeral ligament
• MGHL

  Middle glenohumeral ligament
• IGHL

  Inferior glenohumeral ligament
• Glenohumeral Ligaments connect glenoid fossa to humerus

  A) SGHL

  B) MGHL

  C) IGHL

  
• Glenohumeral Ligaments

  A) SGHL

  B) MGHL

  C) IGHL

  
• Glenohumeral Ligaments

  A) Superior

  B) Middle

  C) Inferior

  
• Glenohumeral Ligaments

  A) SGHL

  B) MGHL

  C) IGHL Anterior

  D) IGHL Posterior

  
• Biceps Tendon

  • Long head = attaches bicep to glenoid at the labrum and becomes part of it
  • Short head = attaches bicep to coracoid process
• Biceps Tendon

  A) Biceps Tendon Long Head

  B) Biceps Tendon Short Head

  
• Rotator Cuff Tendons

  Attach muscles to humerus
• What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

  • Supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • Teres minor
  • Subscapularis
• Rotator Cuff Tendons

  A) Supraspinatus

  B) Infraspinatus

  C) Teres minor

  D) Subscapularis

  
• Anterior View

  A) Supraspinatus

  B) Subscapularis

  C) Short head

  D) Long head

  
• Posterior

  A) Supraspinatus

  B) Infraspinatus

  C) Teres minor

  
• Lateral View

  A) Supraspinatus

  B) Infraspinatus

  C) Teres minor

  D) Subscapularis

  
• Tendons attach muscles to bones
• The glenoid labrum

  is a fibrocartilaginous structure around the edge of the glenoid
• What is this structure?

  A) Glenoid Labrum

  
• Glenoid Labrum

  • Glenoid fossa covers only ⅓ of the SA of the humeral head
  • Labrum forms an extension of the glenoid fossa to better accommodate the humeral head
  • Labrum can be damaged and need MRI to diagnose severity
• Lateral Shoulder Anatomy

  A) Biceps Tendon Long Head

  B) Supraspinatus

  C) Labrum

  D) Infraspinatus

  E) Teres Minor

  F) IGHL

  G) Subscapularis

  H) MGHL

  I) SGHL

  
• Deltoid Muscle

  • Strongest and largest muscle in the shoulder
• What muscle is this?

  Deltoid

  
• Rotator Cuff Muscles

  A) Supraspinatus

  B) Infraspinatus

  C) Subscapularis

  D) teres major

  E) Teres minor

  
• Rotator Cuff Muscle Function

  A) elevates

  B) externally rotates

  C) externally rotates

  D) elevation

  
• Bursae

  Acts as cushion between rotator cuff tendons and deltoid muscle
• Blood Vessels

  A) Subclavian

  B) Axillary

  C) Brachial

  
• Nerves

  A) axillary

  B) median

  C) radial

  D) ulnar

  
• Axial Shoulder MRI

  Angled orthogonally = perpendicular to shoulder