sign test

• 1.      put data in table then work out the differences between the numbers in the columns and put a + or – next to depending in the direction – does it increase or decrease
• 2.      add up all + and – then what ever lower number is symbolised by s this is the calculated number / calculated statistics
• 3.      then to get the critical value from s you will use a critical value table
• 4.      you will need to know the number of participant pairs which doesn’t include when there was no difference this number = n then you use the standard level of significance for psychology = 0.05
• 5.      the calculated value of s must be smaller than or equal to the critical value to be significant
• 6.      if results are significant we accept the hypothesis if they are not reject the hypothesis and accept our null hypothesis