PUNISHMENT

• 4 Earliest form of punishment

  death, torture, maiming, banishment
• Jail

  place of confinement of persons arrested and undergoing trial, and for those convicted of minor offenses  such as  drunkenness, gambling and prostitution. 
• Punishment

  social control.  It is a device to cause people to become cohesive and to induce conformity.
• Punishment

  is the infliction of some sort of pain on the offender for violating the law.
• Punishment

  penalty imposed, as for transgression of law any pain,
• 3 main legal systems in the world

  Roman, Mohammedan or Arabic, Anglo-American
• Babylonian and Sumerian Codes

  • Lex Taliones (eye for an eye)
  • Code of King Hammurabi (6th king) of Babylonian
  • It contains 282 laws
  • Book of Convenant
• Crime and Sin

  • get right with god
  • offender must make peace with  God through repentance and atonement. 
  • 10 Commandments
  • offender’s punishment acceptable to both society and God.
• Code of Justinian

  • the legal Code of Ancient Rome
  • basis for many modern system of civil law.
• Code of Graco in Greece

  • public good is more important than individual injury or vengeance.
• Middle Ages

  • Reformation was  viewed  as a process of religious, not  secular redemption. 
  • must pay (2), one for the society & one for the god
• Inquisition

  • a former Roman Catholic  tribunal  for the discovery  and punishment.
• Death Penalty   (Capital Punishment)

  • hanging
  • burning
  • immersing in boiling water
  • feeding to wild animals
  • other barbaric ways
• Corporal Punishment (Physical Torture)

  • any physical pain inflicted short of death
• Mutilation

  • often used in an attempt to match the crime with an “appropriate” punishment.
• Public Humiliation /Social degradation or Shamming

  • putting the  offender to shame. 
• Banishment or Exile

  • sending or putting away of an offender
  • a prohibition against coming  into a specified territory, or a prohibition against going outside
• Hard labor

  productive work
• Deprivation

  • deprivation of everything except the essentials of existence.
• Monotony

  • giving the same food that is “off” diet, or requiring the prisoners to  perform drab or boring daily  routine.
• Uniformity 

  • “ we treat the prisoners alike” the fault of one is the fault of all.
• Mass movement

  • means living in cellblocks, mass eating, mass recreation and mass bathing.
• Degradation

  • uttering insulting words or languages on the part of the prison staff to the prisoners to degrade or break the confidence of prisoners.
• Corporal Punishment

  • imposing brutal punishment or employing physical force to intimidate a delinquent inmate.
• Isolation or solitary confinement

  • non-communication, limited news, “the lone wolf”.
• Imprisonment

  • most common form of punishment
  • Putting offenders  in prison for the purpose of  protecting the public and at the same time rehabilitating
• Payment of Fines

    This is common to violation of minor offenses.
• Parole

  • procedure by which prisoners are selected for release on the basis of individual response
  • they serve the remainder of their sentence within the free community
• Probation

  • a defendant after conviction of an offense, the penalty of which does not exceed six (6) years  imprisonment
• Destierro -  the penalty of banishing a person from the place where he committed a  crime.

  • prohibiting him to get near or enter the 25 kilometer perimeter
• Conditional Pardon -  Executive clemency power exercised exclusively by the Chief Executive/ President
• Death Penalty -  Sentencing a convicted person to death especially to those convicted of heinous crimes.
• Corporal punishment – physical torture as punishment short to death penalty
• Community Service -   like payment of fine, this is commonly imposed to those simple infraction of laws.
• Retribution – personal vengeance

  • the fact that the individual has committed a wrongful act that justifies punishment
  • punishment should be proportional to the wrong committed
• Atonement is to attain forgiveness for some sin or transgression,
• Expiation" means to clear away the record, to make it as if it never existed. you cannot expiate your own sins.
• Deterrence or Exemplarity -  imposing  penalty to deter criminality
• Protection/Social defense -  shown by its inflexible severity to recidivist and habitual delinquents
• Reformation -  as shown by the rules which regulate the execution of the penalties consisting in deprivation of liberty.