Electricity

• Insulators - Hold their electrons, rubber
• Conductors - Allow electrons to move, metals
• In insulators, the electrons are bound to the nuclei
• In conductors electrons are far away from nuclei
• Silver, Copper and Aluminum are great conductors
• Static Electricity - An imbalance for charge forces electrons to move
• Friction can transfer electrons from object to object
• Energy is the capacity to do work
• 1 calorie is the ability to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water by 1 degree Celsius
• Same charges repel, opposite charges attract.
• Electrons can be transferred from one object to another
• Only electrons are capable of moving from one object to another
• The tendency of a substance to hold on to the electrons is called electron affinity
• The electrostatic series is a list of materials in order of increasing tendency to gain electrons
• Conductivity is the ability of materials to allow electrons to move freely
• In an insulator, the electrons (-) are bound tightly to the nuclei (+) so they resist movement
• An imbalance of electric charge on the surface of an object is static charge
• To make a charge through friction they must both be neutral
• Water in the air can steal an objects charge
• If you get electrocuted water in you will boil, homeostasis would be messed up and heart would wingle wondle.
• Grounding - When electronics overcharge and put electricity into ground
• If you ground a positive charge, electrons from the ground go to the item. Earths charge doesn't change
• Conduction - The transfer of charge through CONTACT
• Induction - The object is charged without touching
• When a charged object goes near a neutral one, it pushes all of the electrons to one side
• The closer to the generators, the higher the voltage
• Some distribution lines aren't insulated, most are
• A bird has to touch two electricity wires to get electrocuted
• Current Electricity - Steady flow of electrons
• Human skin is a fair conductor
• Transmission lines aren't insulated
• Three P's - People, Profit, Planet
• Load - The device using the power
• Copper wires have low resistance, but not the best, gold is better
• Switches are Mechanical or electrical/magnetized
• Work - The use of energy
• What is the 1 st law of thermodynamics?

  Nothing can be created or destroyed
• What is a calorie?


  # of litres that can be heated 1 degree
• Electrochemical Cell Battery - Converts chem into electricity, uses electrolyte and 2 electrodes
• Electrolyte - A liquid that conducts electricity when it is in contact with an electrode.