Module 3

• Leadership


  A process, whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal
• Basic Styles of Leadership

  • Autocratic
  • Democratic
  • Bureaucratic
  • Laissez Faire
• Democratic Leadership(Leader and follower)


  • Encourages followers to be a part of the decision-making
  • Keeps followers informed about matters that affect them
  • The leader and followers share power
• Democratic Leadership is Effective


  • When there is a large or complex problem to be solved
• Democratic Leadership is Ineffective


  • When the deadline is near
  • When safety is a critical concern
• Bureaucratic Leadership( Policies, protocols, rules):

  • Everything done according to procedure or policy
  • If not covered by the policy, referred to the next level above - hierarchical
  • Power lies in policies, protocols, rules
• Bureaucratic Leadership is Effective


  • When followers' task is routine
• Bureaucratic Leadership is Ineffective


  • Followers are free thinkers
• Laissez Faire Leadership(Followers)


  • The leader provides little or no direction and gives followers as much freedom as possible
  • All authority or power given to the followers and they determine goals, make decisions, and resolve problems on their own
  • Power lies with the followers
• Laissez Faire Leadership is Effective


  • When followers are highly skilled e.g. artists, scientists
  • When followers are experienced, trustworthy, and skilled
  • When followers are highly motivated
• Laissez Faire Leadership is Ineffective


  • When followers are insecure of their capabilities
  • When followers do not understand their responsibility
  • When followers are not knowledgeable of their responsibilities
• Servant Leadership


  A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service. Servant leaders are "servants first" with the object of making sure that other people's highest priority needs are being served.
• 10 Characteristics of a Servant Leader (Spears, 2010)

  • Listening
  • Empathy
  • Healing
  • Awareness
  • Persuasion
  • Conceptualization
  • Foresight
  • Stewardship
  • Commitment to the growth of people
  • Building Community
• True leadership is not just a set of skills and learned behaviors. Those around you can determine who you are by observing what you do. The only way you can manifest your character, personhood, and spirit is through your behavior.
• Leadership is NOT about controlling people; it IS about caring for people and being a useful resource for them.
• Leadership is NOT about being a boss; it IS about being present for people and building a community.
• Leadership is NOT about holding on to territory; it IS about letting go of ego, being your best and most authentic self.
• Leadership is less concerned in pep talks and more concerned in creating a place where others can do good work and find meaning.
• Leadership requires paying attention.
• Leadership requires love.
• Leadership is a process, whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal (Northouse, 2007)
• Authocratic Leadership (Leader):

  The followers are expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
• Authocratic leadership is effective:

  • When conditions are dangerous e.g. military.
  • When there is a crisis
• Authocratic Leadership is ineffective:

  • When followers want to be heard
  • Complex Problems