3. Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction requires two parents and the production of sex cells called gametes.
• Sexual reproduction takes place in both plants and animals.
• The female gametes in animals are eggs, which are produces by the ovaries.
• The female gametes in plants are the ovules, produced by the ovaries.
• The male gametes in animals is sperm, produced in the testes.
• The male gamete in plants is pollen grains, produced in anthers.
• Asexual reproduction involves only one parent and does not involve the formation of gametes or fertilization.
• Gametes are the male and female sex cells. Each carry half of the chromosome for the new offspring.
• Each parent has 46 chromosomes.
• Each gamete has 23 chromosomes. This means the zygote has 46 chromosomes.
• Sex cells are haploid as they only have one set of chromosomes.
• Fertilisation is when the nucleus of the haploid sperm and the nucleus of the haploid egg fuse together to form a diploid zygote.
• The sperm and the egg meet in the oviduct.
• The fertilised egg, called the zygote, implants itself in the oviduct.
• The zygote implants itself in the walls of the uterus and develops into an embryo, then a foetus.