maths and formulae a level biology

• Standard deviation

  
• Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient


  Used to test for significant correlation.

  
  

  Compare the final value with the value in the data table

  
• NPP


  NPP=GPP-R
• Q10 temperature coefficient


  (Second rate/First rate)^(10/Second temperature-First temperature)

  
• Mitotic index


  OR Number of cells in mitosis/Total number of cells

  
• Hardy-Weinberg equation


  p=dominant allele frequency

  q=recessive allele frequency

  
• Cardiac output

  
• Minute ventilation

  
• Ventilation rate

  
• Diversity index

  
• BMI


  Mass (kg)/Height² (m²)
• Waist to hip ratio

  waist circumference / hip circumference
• Using Critical value tables

  Calculate test statistic for results- chi², r(Spearman's) or t.Compare with a critical value on table

  Degrees of freedom:n-2forspearman's rank, n being the number of data pairsv= (n1 - 1) + (n2 - 1)fort test, n1 being number of classes for variable 1, n2 being number of classes for variable 2n-1forchi squared test, n being number of classes

  
  

  Follow the significance level column (0.05) and the DoF row to find the critical value.

  Compare test statistic with critical value.

  Critical value>Test statisticMeans that the observed effect is likely (p>0.05 chance) to have been by chanceAccept null hypothesis,No significant effect

  Critical value0.05 chance) to have been by chance.Reject null hypothesisConclude there is significant effect
• Chi- squared test

  
• Trophic efficiency

  
• Fick's Law of Diffusion