1. Functionalist, strain & subcultural theories

Cards (4)

  • Positive functions of crime
    1. Boundary maintenence Durkheim
    2. Adaptation and change Durkheim
    3. Warning sign - Cohen
    4. Safety valve - Davis & Polsky
  • Types of strain Merton 1950s American dream

    Conformity ++
    Innovation+-
    Ritualism -+
    Retreatism - -
    Rebellion reject & replace
  • Subcultural Theories
    Status frustration - Cohen
    Young people get frustrated by inability to achieve goals = crime.
    • Illegitimate opportunity structures - Cloward & Ohlin Criminal subcultures which socialise young people into crime. Conflict subcultures with little social cohesion. Retreatust subcultures for those who fail to gain access to others.
    • Focal concerns - Miller: w/c have a different set of values to the rest of society which include hyper masculinity which can lead to criminal behaviour appearing normal.
  • Control Theory
    Why people don’t commit crime:
    Hirschi
    • Belief, Attachment, Involvement, Commitment.
    • Strong bonds to society prevents people from committing crime.