Microscopic World T2

• Cell


  Smallest unit of life
• Micrometers


  Units cells are measured in
• Unicellular


  Creatures that consist of a singular cell
• Unicellular organism


  • Bacteria
• Multicellular


  Creatures that are made of many cells
• Multicellular organism


  • Human
• Eukaryotic


  Cells which are more developed, have defined parts and are newer
• Prokaryotic


  Less developed and older organisms
• Organelles


  Specialised cell part that has a specific job
• Cells are made of organelles
• Cell membrane


  Semi permeable, controls the substances coming in and out of the cell, takes in nutrients
• Mitochondria


  Produces energy or ATP, respires
• Nucleus


  Stores cell DNA
• Ribosomes


  Creates proteins
• Endoplasmic reticulum


  Packages and transports proteins
• Cytoplasm


  Liquid called cytosol, that contains organelles
• Cell wall


  Rigid structure, gives shape and structure to cell
• Vacuole


  Sack containing water, minerals and waste
• Chloroplasts


  Contains chlorophyll, photosynthesis occurs or food production centre
• Chlorophyll


  Is the green pigment, absorbs sunlight
• Plants shrivel on hot days

  Because the vacuole takes up majority of plant cell mass and empties out
• Cell wall


  Made of cellulose
• Cells are shaped in different ways

  To fulfill a function
• DNA


  Genetic material
• Skin cells


  • Shaped like a table cloth
• Red blood cells


  • Shaped like a bean bag
• Smooth muscle cells


  • Behave like a spring
• Nerve cell/neuron


  • Shaped like a telecommunication cable
• Sperm cell


  • Shaped like a tadpole to swim
• Nerve cell/neuron


  Transmit information
• Smooth muscle cells


  Stretch and contract
• Red blood cells don't have a nucleus to pack more oxygen
• Bone cells


  Strong, and hollow in the middle where different connections are made
• Skin cells


  Broad and flat to cover layer of muscle
• Tissue


  Cells with similar functions gather to make
• Organs


  Various types of tissue gather to make
• Systems


  Several organs gather to make
• Organisms


  Systems gather to make
• Tissue


  • Nervous
• Nerve tissue


  Nerves, spinal cord, brain